Relative importance of seed-tuber and soilborne inoculum in causing black dot disease of potato

Controlled-environment and field experiments were done to quantify the individual contribution of seed-tuber and soilborne inoculum of Colletotrichum coccodes in causing black dot disease of potato tubers. Seed-tuber and soilborne inocula of C. coccodes were quantified using an existing real-time PC...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Plant pathology Vol. 59; no. 4; pp. 693 - 702
Main Authors:	Lees, A.K, Brierley, J.L, Stewart, J.A, Hilton, A.J, Wale, S.J, Gladders, P, Bradshaw, N.J, Peters, J.C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01-08-2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd Blackwell Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
Subjects:	Biological and medical sciences Colletotrichum coccodes Crops Dartrose Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Fungal plant pathogens Infestation Inoculum inoculum potential Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection Polymerase chain reaction Progeny real-time PCR Soil soil DNA extraction Solanum tuberosum Tubers Plant pathology Vegetables Plant pathogen Disease Potential real-time PCR Fungi Potato Dicotyledones Angiospermae Tuber Extraction Fungi Imperfecti Solanaceae C3-Type Nucleic acid Vegetals Soilborne transmission Solanum tuberosum Biochemical compound Colletotrichum coccodes Real time Polymerase chain reaction Soils soil DNA extraction inoculum potential DNA Spermatophyta Transmission mode Tuber plant Molecular biology Inoculum
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Summary:	Controlled-environment and field experiments were done to quantify the individual contribution of seed-tuber and soilborne inoculum of Colletotrichum coccodes in causing black dot disease of potato tubers. Seed-tuber and soilborne inocula of C. coccodes were quantified using an existing real-time PCR assay and related to subsequent incidence and severity of disease. In four field trials, a controlled-environment experiment and through the monitoring of 122 commercial crops, seed-tuber inoculum was found to be relatively less important than soilborne inoculum in causing black dot, and the level of seed-tuber inoculum did not significantly affect either the incidence or severity of disease or the percentage of progeny tubers deemed unmarketable. By contrast, soilborne inoculum had the potential to result in high levels of disease and the level of C. coccodes soil infestation (pg DNA g⁻¹ soil) was found to have a significant effect. At soil infestation levels below 100 pg DNA C. coccodes g⁻¹ soil, 7% of commercial crops had an incidence of black dot greater than 20%, increasing to 40% and 57% of crops at levels of 100-1000 pg g⁻¹ and >1000 pg g⁻¹ soil, respectively. These arbitrary threshold levels for soilborne inoculum related to disease risk are discussed. Interpretation of disease risk based on inoculum levels must, in the future, be informed by agronomic variables and potential control strategies.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02284.x Present address: Food and Environment Research Agency, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, UK. ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0032-0862 1365-3059
DOI:	10.1111/j.1365-3059.2010.02284.x