Soy Protein Extract (SPE) Exhibits Differential In Vitro Cell Proliferation Effects in Oral Cancer and Normal Cell Lines

ABSTRACT Prior research has demonstrated that specific isoflavones derived from soy may exhibit antitumor effects against many cancers, including oral cancer. Most of this prior research involved isolation and testing of individual soy components, such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, which ex...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of dietary supplements Vol. 8; no. 2; pp. 169 - 188
Main Authors:	Kingsley, Karl, Truong, Khanh, Low, Erik, Hill, Charles K., Chokshi, Shruti B., Phipps, Don, West, M. Abigail, Keiserman, Mark A., Bergman, Christine J.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Informa Healthcare 01-06-2011 Taylor & Francis
Subjects:	Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - pharmacology Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic - therapeutic use apoptosis Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - diet therapy Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - drug therapy Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - metabolism Caspase 2 - genetics Caspase 2 - metabolism Caspase 8 - genetics Caspase 8 - metabolism Cell Cycle - drug effects Cell Cycle - genetics Cell Line Cell Line, Tumor Cell Proliferation - drug effects Dose-Response Relationship, Drug Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic - drug effects Glycine max - chemistry Humans in vitro Isoflavones - pharmacology Isoflavones - therapeutic use Mouth Neoplasms - diet therapy Mouth Neoplasms - drug therapy Mouth Neoplasms - metabolism oral cancer Ornithine Decarboxylase - genetics Ornithine Decarboxylase - metabolism Phytotherapy Plant Preparations - pharmacology Plant Preparations - therapeutic use Proanthocyanidins - pharmacology RNA, Messenger - metabolism Seeds soy protein extract Soybean Proteins - pharmacology Soybean Proteins - therapeutic use
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Summary:	ABSTRACT Prior research has demonstrated that specific isoflavones derived from soy may exhibit antitumor effects against many cancers, including oral cancer. Most of this prior research involved isolation and testing of individual soy components, such as genistein, daidzein, and glycitein, which exhibit cytotoxicity against cancerous cells but may also have residual cytotoxic effects on normal cells. Few studies have evaluated whole soy extract, containing a combination of these isoflavones, and other bioreactive compounds, which may function synergistically and more effectively against oral cancers. This study compared the antiproliferative effects of whole soy protein extract (SPE) on CAL 27 and SCC25 oral cancer cell lines in vitro. Administration of SPE significantly inhibited oral cancer growth and exerted these effects at lower concentrations compared with another class of flavonoids (proanthocyanidins) that were previously tested on these cell lines. This SPE-induced growth inhibition correlated with down-regulated mRNA expression in the oral cancer cell-cycle promoter ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), as well as upregulation of caspase-2 and caspase-8, initiators and effectors of apoptosis. These results suggest that SPE may represent a potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic option for oral cancer. Moreover, SPE may be more effective than other flavonoids currently used and may be effective at lower concentrations that approximate physiologic serum levels (0-2 μmol/l). This study may help to explain why diets rich in fruits, vegetables, and soy protein are associated with protection against development and progression of oral cancers, although further study is needed to develop specific public health recommendations for oral cancer treatment and prevention.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	1939-0211 1939-022X
DOI:	10.3109/19390211.2011.571656