Characterization of Sclerotinia minor populations in Texas peanut fields

Characterization of Sclerotinia minor populations in Texas peanut fields

In the summer of 2004 an epidemic of sclerotinia blight of peanut, a disease caused by Sclerotinia minor, occurred in Texas in fields where the disease was never previously detected. The disease was observed on many plants within one of the fields (>3000 disease foci), although most foci were <...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Plant pathology Vol. 67; no. 4; pp. 839 - 847
Main Authors: Crutcher, F. K., Henry‐Gregory, M. A., Wilkinson, H. H., Duke, S. E., Wheeler, T., Kenerley, C. M.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Oxford Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01-05-2018
Subjects:
aggressiveness
Air temperature
Apothecia
Blight
Environmental conditions
Epidemics
fungicide
Fungicides
Genotypes
microsatellites
Pathogens
peanut
Peanuts
Sclerotinia
Sensitivity analysis
Texas
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Summary:In the summer of 2004 an epidemic of sclerotinia blight of peanut, a disease caused by Sclerotinia minor, occurred in Texas in fields where the disease was never previously detected. The disease was observed on many plants within one of the fields (>3000 disease foci), although most foci were <1 m. It is hypothesized that these observations were inconsistent with the recent introduction of a monocyclic pathogen, even if disease developed under conducive environmental conditions. The pattern of disease is most suggestive of the presence of foliar (ascospore) infections, although air temperature was above the known limits for apothecia development if the pathogen had arrived in the field in 2004 peanut seed. To further examine this epidemic, 232 isolates were collected, across a variety of spatial scales spanning this field and other Texas peanut fields, and evaluated for aggressiveness, fungicide sensitivity and genotypic diversity. There was wide variation among isolates for the phenotypic characteristics measured, but there was no evidence that a genotypically unique, highly aggressive, and fungicide resistant isolate had been introduced or evolved. The predominant genotype, TX1, which contained 154 isolates, was found in every county and field population.
ISSN:0032-0862
1365-3059
DOI:10.1111/ppa.12792