Listeria monocytogenes associated kerato-conjunctivitis in four horses in Norway

Listeria monocytogenes has been reported to cause various infectious diseases in both humans and animals. More rarely, ocular infections have been reported. To our knowledge, only two cases of Listeria keratitis have been described in horses. We report kerato-conjunctivitis in four Norwegian horses...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Acta veterinaria scandinavica Vol. 57; no. 76; p. 76
Main Authors:	Revold, Tobias, Abayneh, Takele, Brun-Hansen, Hege, Kleppe, Signe L, Ropstad, Ernst-Otto, Hellings, Robert A, Sørum, Henning
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England BioMed Central Ltd 09-11-2015 BioMed Central
Subjects:	Animals Care and treatment Case Report Complications and side effects Conjunctivitis Female Horse Diseases - diagnosis Horse Diseases - drug therapy Horse Diseases - microbiology Horses Influence Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious - diagnosis Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious - drug therapy Keratoconjunctivitis, Infectious - microbiology Listeria Listeria monocytogenes - genetics Listeria monocytogenes - isolation & purification Listeriosis - diagnosis Listeriosis - drug therapy Listeriosis - microbiology Listeriosis - veterinary Male Monocytes Norway Physiological aspects Norway
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Summary:	Listeria monocytogenes has been reported to cause various infectious diseases in both humans and animals. More rarely, ocular infections have been reported. To our knowledge, only two cases of Listeria keratitis have been described in horses. We report kerato-conjunctivitis in four Norwegian horses associated with L. monocytogenes. Clinically, all cases were presented with recurrent unilateral kerato-conjunctivitis. L. monocytogenes bacteria were isolated from swab samples from all cases, and cytology carried out in 3 cases was indicative of L. monocytogenes infection. The present report describes the first known cases in which L. monocytogenes has been isolated from keratitic lesions in horses in Norway. A potential risk factor may be feeding of silage or haylage, but other sources of infection cannot be ruled out. The phenotypic features including antimicrobial susceptibility and serotype of the isolates are described. Laboratory detection of L. monocytogenes demands extra caution since only low numbers of bacteria were detected in the eye-swabs, probably due to the low volume of sample material and the intracellular niche of the bacterium. A general poor response to treatment in all these cases indicates that clinicians should pay extra attention to intensity and duration of treatment if L. monocytogenes is identified in connection with equine kerato-conjunctivitis.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3
ISSN:	1751-0147 0044-605X 1751-0147
DOI:	10.1186/s13028-015-0167-2