In vitro activity of levofloxacin against contemporary clinical isolates of Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae from North America and Europe

To assess the activities of levofloxacin and the comparator agents erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and doxycycline against atypical respiratory pathogens. One hundred and forty-six Legionella pneumophila, 41 Mycoplasma pneumoniae and nine Chlamydia pneumoniae isolates were procured from v...

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Published in:	Clinical microbiology and infection Vol. 8; no. 4; pp. 214 - 221
Main Authors:	Critchley, I.A., Jones, M.E., Heinze, P.D., Hubbard, D., Engler, H.D., Evangelista, A.T., Thornsberry, C., Karlowsky, J.A., Sahm, D.F.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Oxford, UK Elsevier Ltd 01-04-2002 Blackwell Science Ltd Blackwell
Subjects:	Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology Anti-Infective Agents - pharmacology Antibacterial agents Antibiotics. Antiinfectious agents. Antiparasitic agents atypical pathogens Biological and medical sciences Chlamydia pneumoniae Chlamydophila pneumoniae - drug effects Chlamydophila pneumoniae - physiology Doxycycline - pharmacology Drug Resistance, Bacterial Europe Humans Legionella pneumophila Legionella pneumophila - drug effects Legionella pneumophila - physiology Levofloxacin Macrolides Medical sciences Microbial Sensitivity Tests Mycoplasma pneumoniae Mycoplasma pneumoniae - drug effects Mycoplasma pneumoniae - physiology North America Ofloxacin - pharmacology Pharmacology. Drug treatments North America Europe America Mycoplasma pneumoniae Legionella pneumophila Chlamydia pneumoniae atypical pathogens levofloxacin Levofloxacin Chlamydiaceae Legionellaceae Epidemiology In vitro Mycoplasmataceae Biological activity Mollicutes Mycoplasmatales Fluoroquinolone derivatives Chlamydiales Bacteria Antibacterial agent Clinical isolate Quinolone derivatives
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Summary:	To assess the activities of levofloxacin and the comparator agents erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin and doxycycline against atypical respiratory pathogens. One hundred and forty-six Legionella pneumophila, 41 Mycoplasma pneumoniae and nine Chlamydia pneumoniae isolates were procured from various culture collections in North America and Europe and tested for susceptibility to the above agents by broth microdilution. The isolates came primarily from clinical sources and were collected from patients between 1995 and 1999. Against L. pneumophila, levofloxacin was the most active agent, with an MIC90 of 0.03 mg/L, twofold more active than clarithromycin (0.06 mg/L), 16-fold more active than erythromycin and azithromycin (0.5 mg/L) and 64-fold more active than doxycycline. Against M. pneumoniae, azithromycin (MIC90 ≤ 0.0005 mg/L) was the most active agent. However, two isolates of M. pneumoniae, one from the USA and one from Finland, were macrolide resistant (MIC ≥ 4 mg/L), but levofloxacin susceptible (MIC 0.25 mg/L). The geographic origin of L. pneumophila and M. pneumoniae did not affect the MIC range for any antimicrobial agent tested. Against C. pneumoniae, clarithromycin was the most active agent, with an MIC range of ≤0.008-0.03 mg/L. Levofloxacin had comparable activity to the other agents tested against the atypical respiratory pathogens, confirming its potential as an alternative for empirical therapy of community-acquired pneumonia.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1198-743X 1469-0691
DOI:	10.1046/j.1469-0691.2002.00392.x