Consolidation of temporal order in episodic memories

► Performance in temporal order memory deteriorates with sleep deprivation. ► REM early in the night is associated with delayed temporal order recall. ► Participants who improve during sleep overnight show more fast spindle activity. ► Spindle-related alpha power at frontal locations may indicate “o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Biological psychology Vol. 91; no. 1; pp. 150 - 155
Main Authors:	Griessenberger, H., Hoedlmoser, K., Heib, D.P.J., Lechinger, J., Klimesch, W., Schabus, M.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-09-2012 Elsevier Elsevier Science B.V
Subjects:	Adult Behavioral psychophysiology Biological and medical sciences Brain - physiopathology Brain Waves - physiology Data processing Disorders of higher nervous function. Focal brain diseases. Central vestibular syndrome and deafness. Brain stem syndromes EEG Electrodes Electroencephalography Enhancers Female Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Humans Learning Male Medical sciences Memory Memory consolidation Memory, Episodic Nervous system (semeiology, syndromes) Neurology Neuropsychological Tests NREM/REM cycles Polysomnography Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychology. Psychophysiology Sleep - physiology Sleep deprivation Sleep Deprivation - physiopathology Sleep spindles Spindles Temporal order Temporal variations Memory consolidation Temporal order Sleep spindles NREM/REM cycles EEG Sleep deprivation Nervous system diseases Deprivation Electrophysiology Sleep disorder Electroencephalography Slow wave sleep Consolidation Insomnia Sleep wake cycle Neurological disorder Episodic memory
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Summary:	► Performance in temporal order memory deteriorates with sleep deprivation. ► REM early in the night is associated with delayed temporal order recall. ► Participants who improve during sleep overnight show more fast spindle activity. ► Spindle-related alpha power at frontal locations may indicate “offline” memory access. ► Distinct sleep mechanisms subserve different aspects of episodic memory consolidation. Even though it is known that sleep benefits declarative memory consolidation, the role of sleep in the storage of temporal sequences has rarely been examined. Thus we explored the influence of sleep on temporal order in an episodic memory task followed by sleep or sleep deprivation. Thirty-four healthy subjects (17 men) aged between 19 and 28 years participated in the randomized, counterbalanced, between-subject design. Parameters of interests were NREM/REM cycles, spindle activity and spindle-related EEG power spectra. Participants of both groups (sleep group/sleep deprivation group) performed retrieval in the evening, morning and three days after the learning night. Results revealed that performance in temporal order memory significantly deteriorated over three days only in sleep deprived participants. Furthermore our data showed a positive relationship between the ratios of the (i) first NREM/REM cycle with more REM being associated with delayed temporal order recall. Most interestingly, data additionally indicated that (ii) memory enhancers in the sleep group show more fast spindle related alpha power at frontal electrode sites possibly indicating access to a yet to be consolidated memory trace. We suggest that distinct sleep mechanisms subserve different aspects of episodic memory and are jointly involved in sleep-dependent memory consolidation.
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ISSN:	0301-0511 1873-6246
DOI:	10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.05.012