Rescue Use of DNase in Critical Lung Atelectasis and Mucus Retention in Premature Neonates

Excessive or thick pulmonary secretions are a common clinical challenge in the neonatal population. Mucus accumulation can cause many life-threatening complications, including plugging of the endotracheal tube and increasing the risk of pulmonary infections. We report 3 premature neonates who had cr...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Pediatrics (Evanston) Vol. 108; no. 2; pp. 468 - 471
Main Authors:	Hassan, Nahed O. El, Chess, Patricia R, Huysman, Marianne W. A, Merkus, Peter J. F. M, de Jongste, Johan C
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elk Grove Village, IL Am Acad Pediatrics 01-08-2001 American Academy of Pediatrics
Subjects:	Administration, Inhalation Airway Obstruction - diagnostic imaging Airway Obstruction - drug therapy Airway Obstruction - etiology Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Atelectasis Biological and medical sciences Care and treatment Deoxyribonuclease I - administration & dosage Deoxyribonuclease I - therapeutic use Drug therapy Emergency and intensive care: neonates and children. Prematurity. Sudden death Expectorants - administration & dosage Expectorants - therapeutic use Humans Infant, Newborn Infant, Premature, Diseases - diagnostic imaging Infant, Premature, Diseases - drug therapy Infants (Premature) Infections Intensive care medicine Lungs Male Medical sciences Mucous membrane Mucus - metabolism Neonatal care Pediatrics Premature infants Product information Pulmonary Atelectasis - drug therapy Radiography, Thoracic Recombinant Proteins - administration & dosage Recombinant Proteins - therapeutic use Treatment Outcome Switzerland Human Lung disease Dornase alfa Respiratory disease Enzyme Lung Esterases Mucus Retention Case study Chemotherapy Deoxyribonuclease I Newborn Treatment Atelectasis Prematurity Hydrolases Complication
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Summary:	Excessive or thick pulmonary secretions are a common clinical challenge in the neonatal population. Mucus accumulation can cause many life-threatening complications, including plugging of the endotracheal tube and increasing the risk of pulmonary infections. We report 3 premature neonates who had critical pulmonary collapse secondary to mucous plugging. Different conventional methods to liquefy mucus and facilitate removal of secretions were exhausted to no avail. The rescue use of DNase was effective in reestablishing airway patency. Thus, this drug could be a valuable tool in treating atelectasis and mucus-plugging in mechanically ventilated, premature neonates.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Case Study-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-4 content type line 23 ObjectType-Report-1 ObjectType-Article-3
ISSN:	0031-4005 1098-4275
DOI:	10.1542/peds.108.2.468