Body composition and metabolic factors in obese children and adolescents

OBJECTIVE: Body composition is associated with metablic factors in adults; however, data are limited regarding obese children. This study was undertaken to assess body composition, regional fat distribution, and metabolic factors in obese 6-18-y-old children and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	International Journal of Obesity Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 19 - 24
Main Authors:	Tershakovec, A.M, Kuppler, K.M, Zemel, B.S, Katz, L, Weinzimer, S, Harty, M.P, Stallings, V.A
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Basingstoke Nature Publishing Group 01-01-2003 Nature Publishing
Subjects:	Abdomen abdominal fat Adolescent Adolescents adults African Americans Biological and medical sciences Body composition Body Composition - physiology Body fat Body Mass Index boys Child Children computed tomography Cultural differences Diabetes Diabetes Complications Diabetes Mellitus - metabolism Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - complications Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry fasting Female Gastroenterology girls Glucose Homeostasis Humans insulin Insulin Resistance leptin Male Medical imaging Medical sciences Metabolic diseases Metabolism Minority & ethnic groups Obesity Overweight Pediatrics puberty subcutaneous fat Teenagers visceral fat Weight control Whites United States > US Human Visceral fat Obesity Pancreatic hormone adolescents Nutrition disorder Sex Insulin Body composition Protein hormone children Cross sectional study Leptin Adolescent Child insulin resistance Nutritional status
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Summary:	OBJECTIVE: Body composition is associated with metablic factors in adults; however, data are limited regarding obese children. This study was undertaken to assess body composition, regional fat distribution, and metabolic factors in obese 6-18-y-old children and adolescents. DESIGN: Cross-sectional assessment. SUBJECTS: Thirty-six obese children and adolescents, (means.e.m.) age 11.8+/-0.5 y, BMI 34.1+/-1.2 kg/m2. MEASUREMENTS: Body composition was assessed by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and computerized tomography. Fasting insulin, glucose and leptin levels, and the homeostasis model assessment of insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR) were assessed. RESULTS: The girls had significantly lower glucose levels than the boys. The ethnic group differences (African American children vs white children) in fat mass, total CT fat, subcutaneous CT fat, insulin level, leptin level, and higher HOMA-IR were not significant after adjusting for age or pubertal stage. These differences in abdominal fat and subcutaneous abdominal fat were also not independent of total body fat or BMI. No ethnic group differences in visceral abdominal fat were noted. Insulin level and HOMA IR were associated with leptin level (independent of fat mass) and fat mass. Leptin level was associated with fat mass, total CT fat, and subcutaneous CT fat; however the associations between the CT fat measures and leptin were not independent of total body fat mass. CONCLUSIONS: Neither visceral abdominal fat, subcutaneous abdominal fat, insulin levels, or insulin resistance differed by ethnic group when adjusted for age or pubertal status. This contrasts with findings in adults and non-obese children which suggest lower levels of visceral fat and higher insulin levels and insulin resistance in African American children and adolescents.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802185 ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0307-0565 1476-5497 1476-5381
DOI:	10.1038/sj.ijo.0802185