Nutritional Management in Acute Respiratory Failure

Nutrition in the intensive care unit is receiving increased attention. Patients with acute respiratory failure from primary lung disease are often initially malnourished, or become malnourished secondary to increased metabolic demands or inadequate nutritional support. Adverse effects of malnutritio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	JAMA : the journal of the American Medical Association Vol. 257; no. 22; pp. 3094 - 3099
Main Authors:	Pingleton, Susan K, Harmon, Gary S
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Chicago, IL American Medical Association 12-06-1987
Subjects:	Acute Disease Anesthesia. Intensive care medicine. Transfusions. Cell therapy and gene therapy Biological and medical sciences Critical Care - methods Diet & nutrition Emergency and intensive respiratory care Humans Intensive care medicine Lung Diseases - complications Lungs Medical sciences Nutrition Disorders - diet therapy Nutrition Disorders - etiology Nutrition Disorders - physiopathology Respiratory diseases Respiratory Insufficiency - etiology Respiratory Insufficiency - therapy Denutrition Respiratory failure Respiratory disease Acute Resuscitation Parenteral administration Feeding
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Summary:	Nutrition in the intensive care unit is receiving increased attention. Patients with acute respiratory failure from primary lung disease are often initially malnourished, or become malnourished secondary to increased metabolic demands or inadequate nutritional support. Adverse effects of malnutrition on lung function include decreased respiratory muscle function, decreased ventilatory drive, and altered lung defense mechanisms. Nutritional support should be strongly considered if the patient has evidence of malnutrition by nutritional assessment or has a high likelihood of becoming malnourished by virtue of severe, prolonged critical illness. General nutritional goals in the intensive care unit include maintenance of body weight and lean body mass. Proper nutritional therapy includes assessment of adequate caloric requirements and appropriate protein, carbohydrate, and fat composition of the nutritional support. Nutritional therapy should be closely monitored with body weight and nitrogen-balance measurements.(JAMA 1987;257:3094-3099)
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23 ObjectType-Review-1
ISSN:	0098-7484 1538-3598
DOI:	10.1001/jama.1987.03390220092027