Palm date meal as a non-traditional ingredient for feeding aquatic animals: A review

Protein ingredients in aquafeed are one of the most important factors responsible for the development and sustainability of aquaculture. Currently, because of high costs and fluctuating production, some animal and plant protein sources are unable to satiate the increasing demand from the fish feed m...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Aquaculture reports Vol. 25; p. 101233
Main Authors:	Kari, Zulhisyam Abdul, Goh, Khang Wen, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Mat, Khairiyah, Khalid, Hazreen-Nita Mohd, Rusli, Nor Dini, Sukri, Suniza Anis Mohamad, Harun, Hasnita Che, Wei, Lee Seong, Hanafiah, Muhamad Hakim Bin Mohd Ali, Rahman, Mohammad Mijanur, Razab, Mohammad Khairul Azhar Abdul, Wee, Wendy, Ariff, Nik Shahman Nik Ahmad, Dawood, Mahmoud A.O.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Elsevier B.V 01-08-2022 Elsevier
Subjects:	Growth and health performance Nutritional value Palm date meal Plant protein replacement Palm date meal Nutritional value Growth and health performance Plant protein replacement
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Summary:	Protein ingredients in aquafeed are one of the most important factors responsible for the development and sustainability of aquaculture. Currently, because of high costs and fluctuating production, some animal and plant protein sources are unable to satiate the increasing demand from the fish feed manufacturers. Aquatic animals’ nutritional requirements have been accorded particular focus with less costly feedstuff in aqua feed given extra weightage. There has been increasing attention in recent years on finding methods to recycle the animal and plant by-products for feed preparation. Due to its vital amino acid content as well as high protein composition, palm date meal (PDM) which is a renewable and sustainable resource is expected to be a viable raw material option for replacing protein ingredients (e.g., fish meal and soybean meal) or as a supplement in fish feed. PDM is an agro-industry by-product which left from dates as waste in several countries. This article reviewed the current research including the source, derivatives, and the potential of PDM as a possible alternative to the conventional plant and animal protein sources. Also, the added value of using PDM waste in aquafeed to reduce the feed cost, enhance this e growth rate of fish, improve the health and well-being of fish, and subsequently sustain the aquaculture industry. Therefore, this review paper will illuminate the possibility of PDM as a promising feed source and also the present knowledge and future perspectives about the application of PDM in aquaculture. •The PDM nutritional value varies depending on date species.•The impacts of PDM on aquatic species have been widely investigated on the growth and health performances.•PDM is a promising protein replacement for aquatic feed.
ISSN:	2352-5134 2352-5134
DOI:	10.1016/j.aqrep.2022.101233