High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession in the Sokoto Basin

High-resolution sequence stratigraphy of the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession in the Sokoto Basin

An outcrop sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession in the southwestern part of the Iullemmeden Basin (here referred to as Sokoto Basin, northwestern Nigeria) is carried out. The methods involved analysis and interpretation of the successions regarding their st...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Arabian journal of geosciences Vol. 17; no. 1
Main Authors: Ibrahim, Hamidu, Faruq, Umar Zaki, Adamu, Ibrahim Habib, Hamza, Halidu, Mohammed, Haruna Grema
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Aggradation
Cretaceous
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Eustatic changes
Flooding
Formations
Original Paper
Outcrops
Palaeocene
Paleocene
Phosphates
Sequence stratigraphy
Sequencing
Stacking
Stratigraphy
Unconformity
Maastrichtian
Parasequences
Sokoto Basin
Sequence
Systems tract
Paleocene
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Summary:An outcrop sequence stratigraphic interpretation of the Maastrichtian-Paleocene succession in the southwestern part of the Iullemmeden Basin (here referred to as Sokoto Basin, northwestern Nigeria) is carried out. The methods involved analysis and interpretation of the successions regarding their stratal stacking patterns, transgression and regression trends, and identification of critical surfaces that characterize sequences and sequence boundaries. The results obtained are as follows: All the formations in the basin are made up of four sequences marked by unconformities which occur at the tops of the pre-Maastrichtian Illo/Gundumi formations, the Dukamaje Formation, the Gamba Formation, and the Gwandu Formation. The maximum flooding surfaces occur within the Dukamaje and Dange formations, which match the 73.5 Ma and 68.7 Ma peaks of eustatic change at sea level, respectively. The revinement surface corresponds with the transgressive surface occurring at the base of the Dange Formation, and condensed horizons or hard grounds towards the top. The Maastrichtian lower Taloka Formation belongs to a transgressive systems tract displaying a retrogradational parasequence stacking pattern; the middle and upper parts are high-stand systems tracts displaying an aggradational to progradational stacking pattern. The Dukamaje Formation belongs to a transgressive system tract displaying a retrogradational parasequence stacking pattern and a maximum flooding surface. The Wurno Formation belongs to a high-stand system tract displaying a progradational parasequence stacking pattern. The Dange Formation belongs to a transgressive systems tract displaying an aggradational parasequence stacking pattern with condensed horizons towards the top marked by glauconitic/phosphate/hardgrounds and shales displaying a retrogradational stacking pattern. The Kalambaina Formation belongs to the high-stand systems tract displaying retrogradational to progradational parasequence stacking pattern. The Gamba Formation has been largely removed by prolonged erosion and unconformity, marking the upper sequence boundary. The Gwandu Formation is a low-stand system tract marked by incision and channel-filling geometries displaying an aggradational to progradational parasequence stacking pattern.
ISSN:1866-7511
1866-7538
DOI:10.1007/s12517-023-11829-9