Evaluating the Prevalence and the Risk Factors of Gram-Negative Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Evaluating the Prevalence and the Risk Factors of Gram-Negative Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria in Eastern Saudi Arabia

Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) among Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a major public health concern worldwide, which can even lead to death. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of MDROs among isolated GNB in the Security Forces Hospital Dammam (SFHD) and identify its associat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Infection and drug resistance Vol. 15; pp. 475 - 490
Main Authors: Al Hamdan, Aisha S, Alghamdi, Amal A, Alyousif, Ghada F, Hamza, Fatma A, Shafey, Marwa M, AlAmri, Aisha M, Sunki, Abdulaziz A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: New Zealand Dove Medical Press Limited 01-01-2022
Taylor & Francis Ltd
Dove
Dove Medical Press
Subjects:
Antibiotics
Antimicrobial agents
antimicrobial resistance
Bacteria
Bacterial pneumonia
Catheters
Drug resistance
Drug resistance in microorganisms
E coli
Enterobacter
Escherichia coli
Gram-negative bacteria
hospital-acquired pathogens
Hospitals
infectious diseases
Information systems
Laboratories
Mechanical ventilation
Medical records
Mortality
Multidrug resistance
Multidrug resistant organisms
Original Research
Pathogens
Patients
Pneumonia
Public health
Regression analysis
Risk factors
Sociodemographics
Urine
Ventilators
Saudi Arabia
United States > US
antimicrobial resistance
hospital-acquired pathogens
infectious diseases
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Summary:Multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) among Gram-negative bacteria (GNB) are a major public health concern worldwide, which can even lead to death. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence of MDROs among isolated GNB in the Security Forces Hospital Dammam (SFHD) and identify its associated risk factors. A cross-sectional study was performed on the most commonly isolated GNB in SFHD, spp., spp., ( ), , spp., and , of non-duplicated clinical samples collected from all hospital units throughout the period from January 2017 to December 2018. Data were collected retrospectively from patients' medical records, and analyses were conducted using the chi-square test and logistic regression models. Of the 1508 GNB included in the study, 969 were multidrug-resistant (MDR; 64.3%). The most commonly identified multidrug-resistant GNB (MDR-GNB) were found in female patients (66.4%) and those aged between 20 and 29 years (21.8%). Urine samples had the highest number of isolated GNB (926 of a total of 1508, 61.4%), and isolates (53.8%) were the most frequently isolated GNB. spp. had the highest rate of multidrug resistance during the 2 years (64 out of 74, 86.5%). Mechanical ventilation for three or more calendar days was a significant direct risk factor for the development of MDR-GNB (odds ratio [OR]: 2.600, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.124-6.012, P = 0.025). Multidrug resistance is common among GNBs in SFHD. Antimicrobial stewardship programs in hospitals should be supported and implemented. Medical and public awareness of antibiotic use is another significant way to decrease the burden of MDR.
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ISSN:1178-6973
1178-6973
DOI:10.2147/IDR.S350048