Concentrated solar pyrolysis for oil palm biomass: An exploratory review within the Malaysian context

Concentrated solar pyrolysis for oil palm biomass: An exploratory review within the Malaysian context

Malaysia is one of the leading producers and exporters of oil palm, and the industry contributes significantly to the growth of the national economy. Nonetheless, the consequential oil palm biomass (OPB) with a potential yield of ∼97 million tonnes annually presents both challenges and opportunities...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Renewable & sustainable energy reviews Vol. 188; p. 113834
Main Authors: Hamed, A.S.A., Yusof, N.I.F.M., Yahya, M.S., Cardozo, E., Munajat, N.F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Elsevier Ltd 01-12-2023
Subjects:
Biomass
Energy recovery
Oil palm
Renewable energy
Solar energy
Solar pyrolysis
Solar pyrolysis
Energy recovery
Biomass
Renewable energy
Oil palm
Solar energy
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Summary:Malaysia is one of the leading producers and exporters of oil palm, and the industry contributes significantly to the growth of the national economy. Nonetheless, the consequential oil palm biomass (OPB) with a potential yield of ∼97 million tonnes annually presents both challenges and opportunities, demanding innovative waste management solutions. This paper explores the feasibility of converting OPB into valuable commodities by employing concentrated solar-driven pyrolysis. A detailed overview of the biomass produced from oil palm plantations and mills is provided, along with a discussion of the industry stakeholders and associated biomass management challenges. The pyrolysis of OPB is explored, emphasizing benefits, potential barriers, and techniques. The focus then shifts to Malaysia's solar potential, which ranges from 1470 to 1900 kWh/m2 annually. The potentials of solar pyrolysis are explored, encompassing discussions on solar concentrator types, reactors, and the distribution of solar and OPB resources throughout Malaysia. The paper then recommends Tawau in Sabah, as an ideal location for OPB solar pyrolysis, due to its solar availability (up to 1873 kWh/m2), potential OPB resources from 19 mills and 241 plantations, and supportive infrastructure. The paper proposes solar-driven pyrolysis as a sustainable solution for Malaysia's OPB management, offers insights for policy initiatives and technological innovations in optimizing OPB and solar energy utilization. •Analyzes oil palm biomass potential for solar pyrolysis in Malaysia.•Explores solar resources in Malaysia for solar-driven pyrolysis.•Examines solar concentrators and reactors for pyrolysis.•Identifies potential city, as the optimal location for solar pyrolysis.•Discusses commercialization challenges of solar-driven pyrolysis.
ISSN:1364-0321
1879-0690
DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2023.113834