S-nitrosylation of fatty acid synthase regulates its activity through dimerization[S]

S-nitrosylation of fatty acid synthase regulates its activity through dimerization[S]

NO regulates a variety of physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. S-nitrosylation, a NO-mediated reversible protein modification, leads to changes in the activity and function of proteins. In particular, the role of S-nitrosylation during adipogenesi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of lipid research Vol. 57; no. 4; pp. 607 - 615
Main Authors: Choi, Min Sik, Jung, Ji-Yong, Kim, Hyoung-June, Ham, Mi Ra, Lee, Tae Ryong, Shin, Dong Wook
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-04-2016
The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
Elsevier
Subjects:
adipocyte
Adipocytes - cytology
Adipogenesis
Cysteine - metabolism
Enzyme Activation
Fatty Acid Synthases - chemistry
Fatty Acid Synthases - metabolism
HEK293 Cells
Humans
nitric oxide
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Protein Multimerization
Protein Processing, Post-Translational
Protein Structure, Quaternary
Sulfur - metabolism
nitric oxide
adipogenesis
adipocyte
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Summary:NO regulates a variety of physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and inflammation. S-nitrosylation, a NO-mediated reversible protein modification, leads to changes in the activity and function of proteins. In particular, the role of S-nitrosylation during adipogenesis is largely unknown. We hypothesized that the normal physiological levels of NO, but not the excess levels generated under severe conditions, such as inflammation, may be critically involved in the proper regulation of adipogenesis. We found that endogenous S-nitrosylation of proteins was required for adipocyte differentiation. By performing a biotin-switch assay, we identified FAS, a key lipogenic enzyme in adipocytes, as a target of S-nitrosylation during adipogenesis. Interestingly, we also observed that the dimerization of FAS increased in parallel with the amount of S-nitrosylated FAS during adipogenesis. In addition, we found that exogenous NO enhanced the dimerization and the enzymatic activity of FAS. Moreover, site-directed mutagenesis of three predicted S-nitrosylation sites indicated that S-nitrosylation of FAS at Cys1471 and Cys2091, but not at Cys1127, increased its enzymatic activity. Taken together, these results suggest that the S-nitrosylation of FAS at normal physiological levels of NO increases its activity through dimerization and may contribute to the proper regulation of adipogenesis.
ISSN:0022-2275
1539-7262
DOI:10.1194/jlr.M065805