Search Results - "Hails, R. S."

Assessing the risks associated with new agricultural practices by Hails, R. S

“…One key challenge for the twenty-first century is how to produce the food we need, yet ensure the landscape we want. Genetically modified crops have focused…”
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Challenges in modelling complexity of fungal entomopathogens in semi-natural populations of insects by Hesketh, H, Roy, H. E, Eilenberg, J, Pell, J. K, Hails, R. S

“…The use of fungal entomopathogens as microbial control agents has driven studies into their ecology in crop ecosystems. Yet, there is still a lack of…”
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Density-Dependent Prophylaxis and Condition-Dependent Immune Function in Lepidopteran Larvae: A Multivariate Approach by Cotter, S. C., Hails, R. S., Cory, J. S., Wilson, K.

“…1. The risk of parasitism and infectious disease is expected to increase with population density as a consequence of positive density-dependent transmission…”
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Genetically modified plants – the debate continues by Hails, Rosie S.

“…The debate about the potential risks and benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has hit the headlines over the past few months. The polarization of…”
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Baculovirus resistance in the noctuid Spodoptera exempta is phenotypically plastic and responds to population density by Reeson, A. F., Wilson, K., Gunn, A., Hails, R. S., Goulson, D.

“…is phenotypically plastic, and that the melanized cuticles characteristic of the high–density form may be indicative of a more active immune system…”
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Transgenic crops in natural habitats by CRAWLEY, M. J, BROWN, S. L, HAILS, R. S, KOHN, D. D, REES, M

“…To address concerns that genetically modified (GM) plants could become invasive if they spread to natural ecosystems, four transgenic crops (oilseed rape,…”
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Manipulation of host cytokine network by ticks: a potential gateway for pathogen transmission by Hajnická, V, Vancová, I, Kocáková, P, Slovák, M, Gasperík, J, Sláviková, M, Hails, R S, Labuda, M, Nuttall, P A

“…Ticks are obligatory blood-feeding arthropods that secrete various immunomodulatory molecules to antagonize host inflammatory and immune responses. Cytokines…”
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Invasion and Dynamics of Covert Infection Strategies in Structured Insect-Pathogen Populations by Bonsall, M. B., Sait, S. M., Hails, R. S.

“…1. Pathogens are known to cause horizontally transmitted overt (fully symptomatic) and vertically transmitted covert (asymptomatic) infections. Here, we…”
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Consequences for Host-Parasitoid Interactions of Grazing-Dependent Habitat Heterogeneity by Vanbergen, A. J., Hails, R. S., Watt, A. D., Jones, T. H.

“…1. Environmental heterogeneity can produce effects that cascade up to higher trophic levels and affect species interactions. We hypothesized that…”
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Host ecology determines the relative fitness of virus genotypes in mixed‐genotype nucleopolyhedrovirus infections by Hodgson, D. J., Hitchman, R. B., Vanbergen, A. J., Hails, R. S., Possee, R. D., Cory, J. S.

“…Mixed‐genotype infections are common in many natural host–parasite interactions. Classical kin‐selection models predict that single‐genotype infections can…”
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Ecology of transgenic oilseed rape in natural habitats by Crawley, M. J, Hails, R. S, Rees, M, Kohn, D, Buxton, J

“…The invasiveness of genetically engineered plants in a natural habitat was examined. Research suggests that transgenic plants were less invasive and less…”
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Biotechnology Transgenic crops in natural habitats by Crawley, M. J, Brown, S. L, Hails, R. S, Kohn, D. D, Rees, M

“…Although improved crop yields can be engineered by genetically modifying plants, there is ecological concern over whether these plants are likely to persist in…”
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Host Plant Species Can Influence the Fitness of Herbivore Pathogens: The Winter Moth and Its Nucleopolyhedrovirus by Raymond, B., Vanbergen, A., I. Pearce, Hartley, S. E., Cory, J. S., Hails, R. S.

“…Plants can have a significant impact on the fitness and efficacy of natural enemies. These interactions are widespread and suggest that the influences on the…”
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Microparasite Manipulation of an Insect: The Influence of the Egt gene on the Interaction between a Baculovirus and Its Lepidopteran Host by Cory, J. S., Clarke, E. E., Brown, M. L., Hails, R. S., O'Reilly, D. R.

“…1. Parasites and pathogens manipulate their hosts in a variety of ways that are thought to enhance their fitness. However, it is rare to be able to link such…”
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Differential anti-chemokine activity of Amblyomma variegatum adult ticks during blood-feeding by VANČOVÁ, I, SLOVÁK, M, HAJNICKÁ, V, LABUDA, M, ŠIMO, L, PETERKOVÁ, K, HAILS, R.S, NUTTALL, P.A

“…Ticks secrete a cocktail of immunomodulatory molecules in their saliva during blood-feeding, including chemokine-binding factors that help control the activity…”
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Phenotypic and genotypic characterisation of persistent baculovirus infections in populations of the cabbage moth (Mamestra brassicae) within the British Isles by BURDEN, J. P, POSSEE, R. D, SAIT, S. M, KING, L. A, HAILS, R. S

“…The genotypic relatedness of persistent baculovirus infections within UK populations of Mamestra brassicae was assessed by sequencing amplified regions from…”
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Escape from pupal predation as a potential cause of outbreaks of the winter moth, Operophtera brumata by Raymond, B., Vanbergen, A., Watt, A., Hartley, S. E., Cory, J. S., Hails, R. S.

“…The winter moth, Operophtera brumata, shows varying population dynamics in different host plant habitats. Populations in Sitka spruce, Picea sitchensis,…”
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Effects of Phenotypic Plasticity on Pathogen Transmission in the Field in a Lepidoptera-NPV System by Reeson, A. F., Wilson, K., Cory, J. S., P. Hankard, Weeks, J. M., Goulson, D., Hails, R. S.

“…In models of insect-pathogen interactions, the transmission parameter (v) is the term that describes the efficiency with which pathogens are transmitted…”
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Tick-borne Great Island Virus: (I) Identification of seabird host and evidence for co-feeding and viraemic transmission by Nunn, M A, Barton, T R, Wanless, S, Hails, R S, Harris, M P, Nuttall, P A

“…Great Island Virus (GIV) is an arbovirus present in the tick Ixodes uriae, a common ectoparasite of nesting seabirds. Common guillemot (Uria aalge) and…”
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Tick-borne Great Island Virus: (II) Impact of age-related acquired immunity on transmission in a natural seabird host by Nunn, M A, Barton, T R, Wanless, S, Hails, R S, Harris, M P, Nuttall, P A

“…Tick-borne pathogen transmission is dependent upon tick number per host and the physical and temporal distribution of each feeding stage. Age-related acquired…”
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