Cocirculation of measles virus genotype B2 and B3.1 in Central African Republic during the 2000 measles epidemic

Many African countries have begun implementation of national programs to eliminate measles by the year 2015. However, measles continues to be endemic in Africa. This study describes the first molecular epidemiological study of measles virus circulating in Central African Republic. Two hundred and te...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of medical virology Vol. 78; no. 7; pp. 964 - 970
Main Authors:	Gouandjika-Vasilache, Ionela, Waku-Kouomou, Diane, Ménard, Didier, Beyrand, Caroline, Guye, Fatou, Ngoay-Kossy, Jean Claire, Sélekon, Benjamin, Wild, T. Fabian
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 01-07-2006 Wiley-Liss
Subjects:	Base Sequence Biological and medical sciences Central African Republic Central African Republic - epidemiology Child Disease Outbreaks DNA, Viral - genetics Epidemiology Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Genotype Human viral diseases Humans Infectious diseases measles Measles - epidemiology Measles - virology Measles virus Measles virus - classification Measles virus - genetics Measles virus - isolation & purification Medical sciences Microbiology Miscellaneous Molecular Epidemiology Phylogeny Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods RNA, Viral - blood RNA, Viral - genetics Viral diseases Viral diseases with cutaneous or mucosal lesions and viral diseases of the eye Virology Africa Central African Republic Epidemic Genotype Paramyxoviridae Infection Virus Paramyxovirinae Mononegavirales Viral disease Measles Morbillivirus Molecular epidemiology Central African Republic Measles virus
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Summary:	Many African countries have begun implementation of national programs to eliminate measles by the year 2015. However, measles continues to be endemic in Africa. This study describes the first molecular epidemiological study of measles virus circulating in Central African Republic. Two hundred and ten blood samples were tested for measles IgM. Sixty‐seven urine samples were collected during measles outbreak in Bangui in 2000 and 2004 and used for genotyping studies. Two different methods were used to determine measles virus genotypes; the recently described real‐time PCR‐based method and the nucleotide sequencing and phylogenetic analysis methods. These tests revealed the cocirculation of two distinct viruses in Bangui. The proposed subgroup of the B3 genotype, B3.1 was found in 14 samples. This virus has been found in other neighboring countries. More surprising, genotype B2 was found in samples from four patients. The first measles genotype B2 viruses were isolated in Gabon in 1984, but have not been detected until recently when they were identified during a measles outbreak in 2003 in South Africa. This suggests that the circulation of measles genotype B2 has continued in Central Africa during the last 20 years. This study provides the baseline for genetic surveillance of measles virus in Central African Republic. Knowledge of currently circulating measles virus genotype in Central African Republic will help in monitoring the success of measles elimination program. J. Med. Virol. 78:964–970, 2006. © 2006 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
Bibliography:	Institut Pasteur de Bangui, Central African Republic, the Direction Générale de la Santé, France INSERM ArticleID:JMV20648 I. Gouandjika-Vasilache and D. Waku-Kouomou contributed equally to this work. istex:1CA514287E49034A53B683E95CC7207557E5E527 ark:/67375/WNG-Q55QV259-X I. Gouandjika‐Vasilache and D. Waku‐Kouomou contributed equally to this work. ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0146-6615 1096-9071
DOI:	10.1002/jmv.20648