Household wastewater management in sub-Saharan Africa: a review

Household wastewater management in sub-Saharan Africa: a review

Wastewater is the major source of the transmission of disease-causing organisms in developing countries. There is a strong association between diarrhoea and contaminated water worldwide. Evidence linking sanitation practices to a positive impact on health is scarce although many studies have reporte...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Discover water Vol. 4; no. 1; pp. 6 - 16
Main Authors: Ali, Ahmed Fate, Gujiba, Umar Kachalla
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Cham Springer International Publishing 27-02-2024
Springer Nature B.V
Springer
Subjects:
Agriculture
Aquatic Pollution
By products
Climate change
Coastal Sciences
Contaminated water
Costs
Developing countries
Disease
Drinking water
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Hydrogeology
LDCs
Management
Marine & Freshwater Sciences
Mortality
Nuclear power plants
Oceanography
Pollution
Public health
Review
Rural areas
Sanitation
Sewage
Sewage disposal
Sewer systems
Treatment and diarrhoea and Africa
Waste Water Technology
Wastewater
Water Management
Water Pollution Control
Water shortages
Water supply
Water treatment
Africa
Treatment and diarrhoea and Africa
Contaminated water
Sewage
Management
Wastewater
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Summary:Wastewater is the major source of the transmission of disease-causing organisms in developing countries. There is a strong association between diarrhoea and contaminated water worldwide. Evidence linking sanitation practices to a positive impact on health is scarce although many studies have reported a reduction of disease through improvements in waste management. This review in prospect examined the impact of wastewater management interventions in resource-poor countries of sub-Saharan Africa for the reduction of diarrhoeal outcomes in non-outbreak situations. This review of empirical literature identified and assessed the impact of effective wastewater management on public health in sub-Saharan Africa and evaluated the implications to public health practice. A systematic database search was carried out, relevant research articles were screened, and some of the articles were considered to contain relevant materials but only 5 met the inclusion criteria and were used in this study. Despite the limited number of studies meeting the inclusion criteria, there was reliable evidence of the impact of wastewater management in all the studies based on the strong positive statistical association between interventions and the reduction of diarrhoeal morbidity. Wastewater management interventions are effective for the reduction of illnesses due to diarrhoea in agreement with other previous reviews on water, hygiene, and sanitation interventions. This underlines the need for good strategies for effective wastewater management. This study contributes valuable insights to the existing body of knowledge and calls for sustained efforts in developing comprehensive wastewater management solutions in the quest for improved outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa.
ISSN:2730-647X
2730-647X
DOI:10.1007/s43832-024-00060-6