Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hippocampal damage in brain of a spontaneous stroke model

Transplantation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells decreases oxidative stress, apoptosis, and hippocampal damage in brain of a spontaneous stroke model

Stroke is the most common cause of motor disabilities and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Adult stem cells have been shown to be effective against neuronal degeneration through mechanisms that include both the recovery of neurotransmitter activity and a decrease in apoptosis and oxidative s...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Free radical biology & medicine Vol. 70; pp. 141 - 154
Main Authors: Calió, Michele Longoni, Marinho, Darci Sousa, Ko, Gui Mi, Ribeiro, Renata Rodrigues, Carbonel, Adriana Ferraz, Oyama, Lila Missae, Ormanji, Milene, Guirao, Tatiana Pinoti, Calió, Pedro Luiz, Reis, Luciana Aparecida, Simões, Manuel de Jesus, Lisbôa-Nascimento, Telma, Ferreira, Alice Teixeira, Bertoncini, Clélia Rejane Antônio
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States Elsevier Inc 01-05-2014
Subjects:
Animals
Apoptosis
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Free radicals
Free Radicals - metabolism
Hippocampus - injuries
Hippocampus - surgery
Humans
Lipid peroxidation
Lipid Peroxidation - genetics
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation
Mesenchymal stem cells
Oxidative Stress
Rats
Rats, Inbred SHR
Reactive Oxygen Species - metabolism
Stroke
Stroke - metabolism
Stroke - pathology
Stroke - therapy
Superoxide
Lipid peroxidation
Stroke
Superoxide
Free radicals
Mesenchymal stem cells
Apoptosis
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Summary:Stroke is the most common cause of motor disabilities and is a major cause of mortality worldwide. Adult stem cells have been shown to be effective against neuronal degeneration through mechanisms that include both the recovery of neurotransmitter activity and a decrease in apoptosis and oxidative stress. We chose the lineage stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) as a model for stem cell therapy. SHRSP rats can develop such severe hypertension that they generally suffer a stroke at approximately 1 year of age. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) decrease apoptotic death and oxidative stress in existing SHRSP brain tissue. The results of qRT-PCR assays showed higher levels of the antiapoptotic Bcl-2 gene in the MSC-treated animals, compared with untreated. Our study also showed that superoxide, apoptotic cells, and by-products of lipid peroxidation decreased in MSC-treated SHRSP to levels similar those found in the animal controls, Wistar Kyoto rats. In addition, we saw a repair of morphological damage at the hippocampal region after MSC transplantation. These data suggest that MSCs have neuroprotective and antioxidant potential in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats. [Display omitted] •We investigated neuronal death in brain of stroke-prone hypertensive rats treated with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs).•QRT-PCR and confocal microscopy were used to localize MSCs, neuronal death, and superoxide.•Death of neurons colocalized with superoxide and transplanted MSCs.•Superoxide, apoptotic cells, and lipid peroxidation decreased in MSC-treated SHRSP brain to control levels.•MSCs may have antioxidant and antiapoptotic effects as well as the ability to repair hippocampal damage.
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ISSN:0891-5849
1873-4596
DOI:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.01.024