Survey of Helminths, Ectoparasites, and Chytrid Fungus of an Introduced Population of Cane Toads, Rhinella marina (Anura: Bufonidae), from Grenada, West Indies

Survey of Helminths, Ectoparasites, and Chytrid Fungus of an Introduced Population of Cane Toads, Rhinella marina (Anura: Bufonidae), from Grenada, West Indies

One hundred specimens of Rhinella marina, (Anura: Bufonidae) collected in St. George's parish, Grenada, from September 2010 to August 2011, were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and helminths. Ninety-five (95%) were parasitized by 1 or more parasite species. Nine species of parasites...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:The Journal of parasitology Vol. 100; no. 5; pp. 608 - 615
Main Authors: Drake, Michael C, Zieger, Ulrike, Groszkowski, Andrew, Gallardo, Bruce, Sages, Patti, Reavis, Roslyn, Faircloth, Leslie, Jacobson, Krystin, Lonce, Nicholas, Pinckney, Rhonda, Cole, Rebecca A
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States American Society of Parasitologists 01-10-2014
Allen Press Inc
Subjects:
Acanthocephala
Amblyomma dissimile
Amphibia
Amphibians
Animals
Anura
Arthropoda
Bufo marinus - microbiology
Bufo marinus - parasitology
Bufonidae
Chytridiomycota - growth & development
Chytridiomycota - isolation & purification
Dry season
Ectoparasites
Ectoparasitic Infestations - epidemiology
Ectoparasitic Infestations - parasitology
Ectoparasitic Infestations - veterinary
Endoparasites
Female
Grenada - epidemiology
Helminthiasis, Animal - epidemiology
Helminthiasis, Animal - parasitology
Infections
Larvae
LIFE CYCLES-SURVEY
Male
Marinas
Mesocoelium monas
Mycoses - epidemiology
Mycoses - microbiology
Mycoses - veterinary
Nematoda
Nematode larvae
Nematodes
Parasite hosts
Parasites
Parasitology
Peninsulas
Physalopteridae
Prevalence
Rainy season
Reptiles & amphibians
Seasons
Toads
Grenada
United States > US
Guam
Brazil
Hawaii
Mexico
Bermuda
Jamaica
Australia
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Description
Summary:One hundred specimens of Rhinella marina, (Anura: Bufonidae) collected in St. George's parish, Grenada, from September 2010 to August 2011, were examined for the presence of ectoparasites and helminths. Ninety-five (95%) were parasitized by 1 or more parasite species. Nine species of parasites were found: 1 digenean, 2 acanthocephalans, 4 nematodes, 1 arthropod and 1 pentastome. The endoparasites represented 98.9% of the total number of parasite specimens collected. Grenada represents a new locality record for Mesocoelium monas, Raillietiella frenatus, Pseudoacanthacephalus sp., Aplectana sp., Physocephalus sp., Acanthacephala cystacanth, and Physalopteridae larvae. The digenean M. monas occurred with the highest prevalence of 82%, contrasting many studies of R. marina where nematodes dominate the parasite infracommunity. Female toads were found to have a significantly higher prevalence of Amblyomma dissimile than male toads. Only 2 parasites exhibited a significant difference between wet and dry season with Parapharyngodon grenadensis prevalence highest in the wet season and A. dissimile prevalence highest during the dry season. Additionally, A. dissimile was significantly more abundant during the dry season.
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ISSN:0022-3395
1937-2345
DOI:10.1645/13-470.1