Osteogenic differentiation of marrow stromal cells cultured on nanoporous alumina surfaces

A major goal in orthopedic biomaterials research is to design implant surfaces, which will enhance osseointegration in vivo. Several microscale as well as nanoscale architectures have been shown to significantly affect the functionality of bone cells i.e., osteoblasts. In this work, nanoporous alumi...

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Published in:	Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A Vol. 80A; no. 4; pp. 955 - 964
Main Authors:	Popat, Ketul C., Chatvanichkul, Kwan-Isara, Barnes, George L., Latempa Jr, Thomas Joseph, Grimes, Craigs A., Desai, Tejal A.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 15-03-2007
Subjects:	Alkaline Phosphatase - biosynthesis Aluminum Oxide Animals Biocompatible Materials Bone Marrow Cells - cytology Bone Marrow Cells - metabolism Bone Marrow Cells - ultrastructure Cell Adhesion Cell Differentiation Cell Proliferation Cell Survival Extracellular Matrix - metabolism marrow stromal cells Materials Testing Mice Microscopy, Electron, Scanning nanoporous alumina orthopedic biomaterials osseointegration Osteoblasts - metabolism Osteoblasts - ultrastructure Porosity Stromal Cells - metabolism Stromal Cells - ultrastructure
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Summary:	A major goal in orthopedic biomaterials research is to design implant surfaces, which will enhance osseointegration in vivo. Several microscale as well as nanoscale architectures have been shown to significantly affect the functionality of bone cells i.e., osteoblasts. In this work, nanoporous alumina surfaces fabricated by a two‐step anodization process were used. The nanostructure of these surfaces can be controlled by varying the voltage used for anodization process. Marrow stromal cells were isolated from mice and seeded on nanoporous and amorphous (control) alumina surfaces. Cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability were investigated for up to 7 days of culture. Furthermore, the cell functionality was investigated by calcein staining. The cells were provided with differentiation media after 7 days of culture. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and matrix production were quantified using a colorimetric assay and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) for up to 3 weeks of culture (2 weeks after providing differentiation media). Further, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate osteoblast morphology on these nanoporous surfaces. Over the 3‐week study, the nanoporous alumina surfaces demonstrated ∼45% increase in cell adhesion, proliferation, and viability, 35% increase in ALP activity, and 50% increase in matrix production when compared with the control surfaces. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res, 2006
Bibliography:	istex:459D832AEF7D8F4EF6EC09C311A775BADE9F89C3 Boston University SPRInG ArticleID:JBM31028 ark:/67375/WNG-L47PHH6V-L ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1549-3296 1552-4965
DOI:	10.1002/jbm.a.31028