Accumulation and efficiency of nutrient use in crop systems in second crop under no-tillage
The objective of this work was to evaluate phytomass production, nutrient cycling, and efficiency of nutrient use by single and intercropped crop systems, in the second crop, under no-tillage. The experiment was carried out during the second crop of 2014 and 2015 in the Cerrado biome of the state of...
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| Published in: | Pesquisa agropecuaria brasileira Vol. 56 |
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| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , |
| Format: | Journal Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Embrapa Secretaria de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento; Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileira
01-01-2021
Embrapa Informação Tecnológica |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | Get full text |
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| Summary: | The objective of this work was to evaluate phytomass production, nutrient cycling, and efficiency of nutrient use by single and intercropped crop systems, in the second crop, under no-tillage. The experiment was carried out during the second crop of 2014 and 2015 in the Cerrado biome of the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design, with nine treatments and four replicates. In 2014, the systems were evaluated at 63, 93, 124, and 157 days after sowing; and, in 2015, they were evaluated at flowering and senescence. The concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium were determined. In 2014, the single crop systems Urochloa ruziziensis, Cajanus cajan, and Pennisetum glaucum showed the largest accumulations of phytomass and nutrients. In 2015, the intercropped systems showed the largest accumulations of phytomass, the largest nutrient cycling, and the highest nutrient use efficiency. In the no-tillage crop systems, U. ruziziensis, either in single cultivation or intercropped with corn and sunflower, increased phytomass. The most efficient systems for the use of all nutrients, in the Cerrado of Mato Grosso, are the intercropping of sunflower with U. ruziziensis, corn with U. ruziziensis, and corn with Crotalaria spectabilis.
Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a produção de fitomassa, a ciclagem de nutrientes e a eficiência no uso de nutrientes em sistemas de cultivo solteiros e consorciados, na safrinha, em plantio direto. O experimento foi realizado durante a segunda safra de 2014 e 2015, no bioma Cerrado do estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil, em delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com nove tratamentos e quatro repetições. Em 2014, os sistemas foram avaliados aos 63, 93, 124 e 157 dias após a semeadura; e, em 2015, foram avaliados ao florescimento e à senescência. Determinaram-se as concentrações de nitrogênio, fósforo, potássio, cálcio e magnésio. Em 2014, os sistemas solteiros Urochloa ruziziensis, Cajanus cajan e Pennisetum glaucum apresentaram os maiores acúmulos de fitomassa e nutrientes. Em 2015, os consórcios apresentaram os maiores acúmulos de fitomassa, a maior ciclagem de nutrientes e a maior eficiência no uso dos nutrientes. No sistema plantio direto, U. ruziziensis, solteiro ou consorciado com milho e girassol, aumentou a fitomassa. Os consórcios mais eficientes quanto ao aproveitamento de todos os nutrientes, no Cerrado de Mato Grosso, são os de girassol com U. ruziziensis, milho com U. ruziziensis e milho com Crotalaria spectabilis. |
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| ISSN: | 0100-204X 1678-3921 1678-3921 |
| DOI: | 10.1590/s1678-3921.pab2021.v56.01879 |