Mapping of flood hazard induced by land subsidence in Semarang City, Indonesia, using hydraulic and spatial models

Mapping of flood hazard induced by land subsidence in Semarang City, Indonesia, using hydraulic and spatial models

Frequent floodings in Semarang City have generated increasing damages and losses in property and life quality. The cause of flooding is related to the coupled impacts of land subsidence, hydraulics hazards along with poor drainage and water retention systems. This paper studies the most recent flood...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Natural hazards (Dordrecht) Vol. 120; no. 6; pp. 5333 - 5368
Main Authors: Yuwono, B. D., Abidin, H. Z., Poerbandono, Andreas, H., Pratama, A. S. P., Gradiyanto, F.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-04-2024
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:
Boundary conditions
Civil Engineering
Digital Elevation Models
Earth and Environmental Science
Earth Sciences
Elevation
Environmental Management
Flood frequency
Flood hazards
Flood mapping
Flooding
Floods
Fluid flow
Geophysics/Geodesy
Geotechnical Engineering & Applied Earth Sciences
Hazards
Hydraulics
Hydrogeology
Land cover
Land subsidence
Lidar
Mean sea level
Mitigation
Natural Hazards
Original Paper
Quality of life
River discharge
River flow
Satellite imagery
Simulation
Subsidence
Water discharge
Water levels
Indonesia
Land subsidence
Digital elevation model
Tidal flood
Hazard
Fluvial flood
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Summary:Frequent floodings in Semarang City have generated increasing damages and losses in property and life quality. The cause of flooding is related to the coupled impacts of land subsidence, hydraulics hazards along with poor drainage and water retention systems. This paper studies the most recent flooding hazards caused by hydrological origins (i.e., river discharge, tidal) and land subsidence. In the study, riverine origin of flooding is simulated with the help of HEC-RAS 2D, while the tidal origin is simulated to high highest water level. However, due to the absence of the most recent topographic data, the role of land subsidence is measured by estimating the vertical changes of digital elevation model taken from Sentinel 1A. Flooding extent, in terms of depth and coverage, is verified based on satellite imagery Sentinel-2 which is cloud-processed using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and field survey. Fluvial flood is simulated with several boundary condition scenarios using combinations of 5-, 25-, or 50-year return periods of flood which is integrated with mean sea level (MSL) or high highest water level (HHWL) tides. Those boundary conditions are then incorporated into different terrains, namely LiDAR, DEMNAS, and TerraSAR DEM, to see how different digital elevation models (DEMs) can impact model sensitivity. By overlaying model outputs and land cover map, it can be concluded that settlements and water bodies are among the most potentially affected areas, covering up to 17 km 2 . This study is expected to help policymakers make a primary assessment of combined tidal and fluvial flood hazard through mitigation and adaptation measures.
ISSN:0921-030X
1573-0840
DOI:10.1007/s11069-023-06398-9