Abfraction and Anisotropy--Effects of Prism Orientation on Stress Distribution

Abfraction and Anisotropy--Effects of Prism Orientation on Stress Distribution

This work discusses the effect of enamel anisotropy in the stress concentration at the cement-enamel junction (CEJ), a probable cause of fracture in enamel leading to abfraction. Usual simplifications when developing computer models in dentistry are to consider enamel isotropic, or that the directio...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Computer methods in biomechanics and biomedical engineering Vol. 6; no. 1; pp. 65 - 73
Main Authors: De Las Casas, Estevam B., Cornacchia, Tulimar P.M., Gouvêa, Priscila H., Cimini, Carlos Alberto
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: England Taylor & Francis Group 01-02-2003
Subjects:
Abfraction
Anisotropy
Bicuspid - physiopathology
Bite Force
Bruxism - complications
Bruxism - physiopathology
Dental Enamel - physiopathology
Dental Stress Analysis - methods
Durapatite
Elasticity
Enamel Anisotropy
Finite Element
Finite Element Analysis
Humans
Models, Biological
Sensitivity and Specificity
Stress, Mechanical
Tensile Strength
Tooth Abrasion - etiology
Tooth Abrasion - physiopathology
Tooth Attrition - physiopathology
Tooth Cervix - physiopathology
Weight-Bearing
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Summary:This work discusses the effect of enamel anisotropy in the stress concentration at the cement-enamel junction (CEJ), a probable cause of fracture in enamel leading to abfraction. Usual simplifications when developing computer models in dentistry are to consider enamel isotropic, or that the direction of the prisms is orthogonal to either the dentine-enamel interface or the tooth outer surface. In this paper, a more refined model for the material behavior is described, based on laboratory observation and on the work of Fernandes and Chevitarese [1] . The material description is used in a two-dimensional (2D) finite element model of the first upper premolar, and the analysis is performed for two different situations: vertical loads, typical of normal mastication and horizontal loads, dominant in bruxism. The analyses were performed using a unit load, which under the hypothesis of linear response of the tooth, allows the combinations described in the text to simulate different functional and parafunctional loads. The results indicate that a realistic enamel description in terms of mechanical properties and spatial distribution of its prisms alters significantly the resulting stress distribution. For all cases included in this study, the detailed description of prism orientation and resulting anisotropy led to improved response in terms of stress distribution, even when loading was horizontal.
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ISSN:1025-5842
1476-8259
DOI:10.1080/1025584021000043357