Abiotic stress signalling in extremophile land plants

Plant life relies on complex arrays of environmental stress sensing and signalling mechanisms. Extremophile plants develop and grow in harsh environments with extremes of cold, heat, drought, desiccation, or salinity, which have resulted in original adaptations. In accordance with their polyphyletic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of experimental botany Vol. 71; no. 19; pp. 5771 - 5785
Main Authors:	Boulc'h, Pierre-Nicolas, Caullireau, Emma, Faucher, Elvina, Gouerou, Maverick, Guérin, Amandine, Miray, Romane, Couée, Ivan
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Oxford University Press (OUP) 07-10-2020
Subjects:	Abscisic Acid Arabidopsis - genetics Biodiversity and Ecology Brassicaceae Droughts Environmental Sciences Extremophiles Gene Expression Regulation, Plant Signal Transduction Stress, Physiological reactive oxygen species signalling halophyte retrograde signalling phospholipid signalling Abscisic acid programmed cell death calcium signalling epigenetics abscisic acid
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Summary:	Plant life relies on complex arrays of environmental stress sensing and signalling mechanisms. Extremophile plants develop and grow in harsh environments with extremes of cold, heat, drought, desiccation, or salinity, which have resulted in original adaptations. In accordance with their polyphyletic origins, extremophile plants likely possess core mechanisms of plant abiotic stress signalling. However, novel properties or regulations may have emerged in the context of extremophile adaptations. Comparative omics of extremophile genetic models, such as Arabidopsis lyrata, Craterostigma plantagineum, Eutrema salsugineum, and Physcomitrella patens, reveal diverse strategies of sensing and signalling that lead to a general improvement in abiotic stress responses. Current research points to putative differences of sensing and emphasizes significant modifications of regulatory mechanisms, at the level of secondary messengers (Ca2+, phospholipids, reactive oxygen species), signal transduction (intracellular sensors, protein kinases, transcription factors, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis) or signalling crosstalk. Involvement of hormone signalling, especially ABA signalling, cell homeostasis surveillance, and epigenetic mechanisms, also shows that large-scale gene regulation, whole-plant integration, and probably stress memory are important features of adaptation to extreme conditions. This evolutionary and functional plasticity of signalling systems in extremophile plants may have important implications for plant biotechnology, crop improvement, and ecological risk assessment under conditions of climate change.
ISSN:	0022-0957 1460-2431
DOI:	10.1093/jxb/eraa336