Preparation of highly wettable coatings on Ti–6Al–4V ELI alloy for traumatological implants using micro-arc oxidation in an alkaline electrolyte

Pulsed micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in a strongly alkaline electrolyte (pH > 13), consisting of Na 2 SiO 3 ⋅9H 2 O and NaOH, was used to form a thin porous oxide coating consisting of two layers differing in chemical and phase composition. The unique procedure, combining MAO and removal of the outer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 10; no. 1; p. 19780
Main Authors:	Gabor, Roman, Doubkova, Martina, Gorosova, Simona, Malanik, Karel, Vandrovcova, Marta, Cvrcek, Ladislav, Drobikova, Klara, Mamulova Kutlakova, Katerina, Bacakova, Lucie
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 13-11-2020 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	631/61/2035 631/61/54/2295 631/61/54/993 Amine oxidase (flavin-containing) Atomic force microscopy Cell culture Cell proliferation Cell Proliferation - physiology Cell Survival - physiology Cell viability Coatings Contact angle Electrolytes Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Microscopy Microscopy, Atomic Force Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Mineralization multidisciplinary Osseointegration Osseointegration - physiology Oxidation Oxidation-Reduction Photoelectron Spectroscopy Scanning electron microscopy Science Science (multidisciplinary) Sodium hydroxide Tissue culture Wettability X-ray diffraction
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Summary:	Pulsed micro-arc oxidation (MAO) in a strongly alkaline electrolyte (pH > 13), consisting of Na 2 SiO 3 ⋅9H 2 O and NaOH, was used to form a thin porous oxide coating consisting of two layers differing in chemical and phase composition. The unique procedure, combining MAO and removal of the outer layer by blasting, enables to prepare a coating suitable for application in temporary traumatological implants. A bilayer formed in an alkaline electrolyte environment during the application of MAO enables the formation of a wear-resistant layer with silicon incorporated in the oxide phase. Following the removal of the outer rutile-containing porous layer, the required coating properties for traumatological applications were determined. The prepared surfaces were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction patterns, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy and contact angle measurements. Cytocompatibility was evaluated using human osteoblast-like Saos-2 cells. The newly-developed surface modifications of Ti–6Al–4V ELI alloy performed satisfactorily in all cellular tests in comparison with MAO-untreated alloy and standard tissue culture plastic. High cell viability was supported, but the modifications allowed only relatively slow cell proliferation, and showed only moderate osseointegration potential without significant support for matrix mineralization. Materials with these properties are promising for utilization in temporary traumatological implants.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-020-76448-w