SAINT LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS VIRUS IN MATO GROSSO, CENTRAL-WESTERN BRAZIL

The dengue virus (DENV), which is frequently involved in large epidemics, and the yellow fever virus (YFV), which is responsible for sporadic sylvatic outbreaks, are considered the most important flaviviruses circulating in Brazil. Because of that, laboratorial diagnosis of acute undifferentiated fe...

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Published in:	Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Vol. 57; no. 3; pp. 215 - 220
Main Authors:	Heinen, Letícia Borges da Silva, Zuchi, Nayara, Serra, Otacília Pereira, Cardoso, Belgath Fernandes, Gondim, Breno Herman Ferreira, Dos Santos, Marcelo Adriano Mendes, Souto, Francisco José Dutra, Paula, Daphine Ariadne Jesus de, Dutra, Valéria, Dezengrini-Slhessarenko, Renata
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Brazil Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo 01-05-2015 Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo Instituto de Medicina Tropical Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Subjects:	Animals Arbovirus Brazil - epidemiology Cross-Sectional Studies Culex - virology Dengue - epidemiology Dengue virus DENV Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis - genetics Encephalitis Virus, St. Louis - isolation & purification Encephalitis, St. Louis - epidemiology Female Genotype Humans Molecular epidemiology Phylogeny RNA, Viral - genetics Sequence Analysis, DNA SLEV Tropical diseases TROPICAL MEDICINE Virological surveillance Virology Brazil Virological surveillance DENV Molecular epidemiology Arbovirus SLEV Dengue virus Tropical diseases
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Summary:	The dengue virus (DENV), which is frequently involved in large epidemics, and the yellow fever virus (YFV), which is responsible for sporadic sylvatic outbreaks, are considered the most important flaviviruses circulating in Brazil. Because of that, laboratorial diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illness during epidemic periods is frequently directed towards these viruses, which may eventually hinder the detection of other circulating flaviviruses, including the Saint Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV), which is widely dispersed across the Americas. The aim of this study was to conduct a molecular investigation of 11 flaviviruses using 604 serum samples obtained from patients during a large dengue fever outbreak in the state of Mato Grosso (MT) between 2011 and 2012. Simultaneously, 3,433 female Culex spp. collected with Nasci aspirators in the city of Cuiabá, MT, in 2013, and allocated to 409 pools containing 1-10 mosquitoes, were also tested by multiplex semi-nested reverse transcription PCR for the same flaviviruses. SLEV was detected in three patients co-infected with DENV-4 from the cities of Cuiabá and Várzea Grande. One of them was a triple co-infection with DENV-1. None of them mentioned recent travel or access to sylvatic/rural regions, indicating that transmission might have occurred within the metropolitan area. Regarding mosquito samples, one pool containing one Culex quinquefasciatus female was positive for SLEV, with a minimum infection rate (MIR) of 0.29 per 1000 specimens of this species. Phylogenetic analysis indicates both human and mosquito SLEV cluster, with isolates from genotype V-A obtained from animals in the Amazon region, in the state of Pará. This is the first report of SLEV molecular identification in MT.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Undefined-1 ObjectType-Feature-3 content type line 23
ISSN:	0036-4665 1678-9946 1678-9946 0036-4665
DOI:	10.1590/S0036-46652015000300006