Cavitary lung lesions in COVID-19 associated pneumonia: a single-center study of 40 cases

Cavitary lung lesions in COVID-19 associated pneumonia: a single-center study of 40 cases

To demonstrate clinical features and outcomes in patients with cavitary lung lesions and COVID-19 associated pneumonia. A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of 8261 patients with COVID-19 was performed. We selected 40 patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Sex, age, hospital-stay...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Hirurgija (Moskva) no. 6; p. 28
Main Authors: Berikhanov, Z G, Avdeev, S N, Neklyudova, G V, Merzhoeva, Z M, Ponomar, S A, Goltseva, M S
Format: Journal Article
Language:Russian
Published: Russia (Federation) 2024
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
COVID-19 - complications
COVID-19 - diagnosis
COVID-19 - therapy
Female
Humans
Length of Stay - statistics & numerical data
Lung - diagnostic imaging
Male
Middle Aged
Retrospective Studies
SARS-CoV-2
pulmonary cavitation
coronavirus infection
SARS-CoV-2
lung cavities
pneumonia
pulmonary cysts
pneumatocele
cavitation
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Summary:To demonstrate clinical features and outcomes in patients with cavitary lung lesions and COVID-19 associated pneumonia. A retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of 8261 patients with COVID-19 was performed. We selected 40 patients meeting the inclusion criteria. Sex, age, hospital-stay, lung tissue lesion, comorbidities, treatment, methods of respiratory support, complications and outcomes were evaluated. Cavitary lung lesions were more common in men (67.5%). Age of patients ranged from 28 to 88 (mean 64.9±13.7) years. Hospital-stay in patients with cavitary lung lesions was 9-58 (median 27.5) days. There were 18 complications in 14 (35%) patients. Pneumothorax, isolated pneumomediastinum, pleural empyema, hemoptysis and sigmoid colon perforation were considered as complications of cavitary lung lesions. Nine (22.5%) patients died (5 of them with complications). Three patients died after surgical treatment. Long-term results were analyzed in 8 (25.8%) patients. Patients were followed-up for 3 months after discharge. Shrinkage of lesions occurred after 7-60 (mean 23) days, and complete obliteration of cavities came after 32 (range 14-90) days. Cavitary lung lesions are a rare complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. There was no significant correlation of complications with age, sex, therapy, volume of lung lesions and non-invasive ventilation (NIV). Despite more common fatal outcomes in older patients undergoing NIV, the last one was prescribed exclusively due to disease progression and respiratory failure. Further research on this problem is necessary to identify possible risk factors of cavitary lung lesions.
ISSN:0023-1207
DOI:10.17116/hirurgia202406128