A meta-analysis of the effects of cognitive therapy in depressed patients

Background. Cognitive therapy (CT) has been studied in 78 controlled clinical trials from 1977 to 1996. Method. The meta-analysis used Hedges and Olkin d+ and included 48 high-quality controlled trials. The 2765 patients presented non-psychotic and non-bipolar major depression, or dysthymia of mild...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of affective disorders Vol. 49; no. 1; pp. 59 - 72
Main Authors:	Gloaguen, Valérie, Cottraux, Jean, Cucherat, Michel, Ivy-Marie Blackburn
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Amsterdam Elsevier B.V 01-04-1998 Elsevier
Subjects:	Adult Antidepressants Antidepressive Agents - therapeutic use Behavior therapy. Cognitive therapy Behaviour therapy Biological and medical sciences Chi-Square Distribution Cognitive Behavioral Therapy - standards Cognitive therapy Confidence Intervals Depression Depression - therapy Female Humans Linear Models Male Medical sciences Meta-analysis Multivariate Analysis Psychology. Psychoanalysis. Psychiatry Psychopathology. Psychiatry Psychotherapy Psychotherapy - classification Psychotherapy - standards Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic - statistics & numerical data Treatments Behaviour therapy Psychotherapy Depression Cognitive therapy Antidepressants Meta-analysis Mood disorder Human Treatment efficiency Evolution Review Metaanalysis
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Summary:	Background. Cognitive therapy (CT) has been studied in 78 controlled clinical trials from 1977 to 1996. Method. The meta-analysis used Hedges and Olkin d+ and included 48 high-quality controlled trials. The 2765 patients presented non-psychotic and non-bipolar major depression, or dysthymia of mild to moderate severity. Results. At post-test CT appeared significantly better than waiting-list, antidepressants ( P<0.0001) and a group of miscellaneous therapies ( P<0.01). But, CT was equal to behaviour therapy. As between-trial homogeneity was not met, the comparisons of CT with waiting-list or placebo, and other therapies should be taken cautiously. In contrast, between-trial homogeneity was high for the comparisons of CT with behaviour therapy and antidepressants. A review of eight follow-up studies comparing CT with antidepressants suggested that CT may prevent relapses in the long-term, while relapse rate is high with antidepressants in naturalistic studies. Conclusion. CT is effective in patients with mild or moderate depression.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23
ISSN:	0165-0327 1573-2517
DOI:	10.1016/S0165-0327(97)00199-7