Biodiversity inventories in high gear: DNA barcoding facilitates a rapid biotic survey of a temperate nature reserve

Comprehensive biotic surveys, or 'all taxon biodiversity inventories' (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated D...

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Published in:	Biodiversity data journal Vol. 3; no. 3; p. e6313
Main Authors:	Telfer, Angela C, Young, Monica R, Quinn, Jenna, Perez, Kate, Sobel, Crystal N, Sones, Jayme E, Levesque-Beaudin, Valerie, Derbyshire, Rachael, Fernandez-Triana, Jose, Rougerie, Rodolphe, Thevanayagam, Abinah, Boskovic, Adrian, Borisenko, Alex V, Cadel, Alex, Brown, Allison, Pages, Anais, Castillo, Anibal H, Nicolai, Annegret, Glenn Mockford, Barb Mockford, Bukowski, Belén, Wilson, Bill, Trojahn, Brock, Lacroix, Carole Ann, Brimblecombe, Chris, Hay, Christoper, Ho, Christmas, Steinke, Claudia, Warne, Connor P, Garrido Cortes, Cristina, Engelking, Daniel, Wright, Danielle, Lijtmaer, Dario A, Gascoigne, David, Hernandez Martich, David, Morningstar, Derek, Neumann, Dirk, Steinke, Dirk, Marco DeBruin, Donna DeBruin, Dobias, Dylan, Sears, Elizabeth, Richard, Ellen, Damstra, Emily, Zakharov, Evgeny V, Laberge, Frederic, Collins, Gemma E, Blagoev, Gergin A, Grainge, Gerrie, Ansell, Graham, Meredith, Greg, Hogg, Ian, McKeown, Jaclyn, Topan, Janet, Bracey, Jason, Guenther, Jerry, Sills-Gilligan, Jesse, Addesi, Joseph, Persi, Joshua, Layton, Kara K S, D'Souza, Kareina, Dorji, Kencho, Grundy, Kevin, Nghidinwa, Kirsti, Ronnenberg, Kylee, Lee, Kyung Min, Xie, Linxi, Lu, Liuqiong, Penev, Lyubomir, Gonzalez, Mailyn, Rosati, Margaret E, Kekkonen, Mari, Kuzmina, Maria, Iskandar, Marianne, Mutanen, Marko, Fatahi, Maryam, Pentinsaari, Mikko, Bauman, Miriam, Nikolova, Nadya, Ivanova, Natalia V, Jones, Nathaniel, Weerasuriya, Nimalka, Monkhouse, Norman, Lavinia, Pablo D, Jannetta, Paul, Hanisch, Priscila E, McMullin, R Troy, Ojeda Flores, Rafael, Mouttet, Raphaëlle, Vender, Reid, Labbee, Renee N, Forsyth, Robert, Lauder, Rob, Dickson, Ross, Kroft, Ruth, Miller, Scott E, MacDonald, Shannon, Panthi, Sishir, Pedersen, Stephanie, Sobek-Swant, Stephanie, Naik, Suresh, Lipinskaya, Tatsiana
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Bulgaria Pensoft Publishers 30-08-2015 Pensoft
Subjects:	Animalia Barcode Index Numbers Biodiversity Biodiversity and Ecology biodiversity assessment biotic inventory Catalogues and Checklists Data processing Deoxyribonucleic acid DNA DNA barcoding Ecology Ekologi Environmental Sciences Faunistics & Distribution Floristics & Distribution Fungi Inventories Lichens Molecular systematics New records New species Operational Taxonomic Units Plantae rare Charitable Research Reserve Rare species species identification Systematics Taxonomic Paper Taxonomy USA and Canada Barcode Index Numbers Operational Taxonomic Units biodiversity assessment species identification DNA barcoding rare Charitable Research Reserve biotic inventory
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Summary:	Comprehensive biotic surveys, or 'all taxon biodiversity inventories' (ATBI), have traditionally been limited in scale or scope due to the complications surrounding specimen sorting and species identification. To circumvent these issues, several ATBI projects have successfully integrated DNA barcoding into their identification procedures and witnessed acceleration in their surveys and subsequent increase in project scope and scale. The Biodiversity Institute of Ontario partnered with the rare Charitable Research Reserve and delegates of the 6th International Barcode of Life Conference to complete its own rapid, barcode-assisted ATBI of an established land trust in Cambridge, Ontario, Canada. The existing species inventory for the rare Charitable Research Reserve was rapidly expanded by integrating a DNA barcoding workflow with two surveying strategies - a comprehensive sampling scheme over four months, followed by a one-day bioblitz involving international taxonomic experts. The two surveys resulted in 25,287 and 3,502 specimens barcoded, respectively, as well as 127 human observations. This barcoded material, all vouchered at the Biodiversity Institute of Ontario collection, covers 14 phyla, 29 classes, 117 orders, and 531 families of animals, plants, fungi, and lichens. Overall, the ATBI documented 1,102 new species records for the nature reserve, expanding the existing long-term inventory by 49%. In addition, 2,793 distinct Barcode Index Numbers (BINs) were assigned to genus or higher level taxonomy, and represent additional species that will be added once their taxonomy is resolved. For the 3,502 specimens, the collection, sequence analysis, taxonomic assignment, data release and manuscript submission by 100+ co-authors all occurred in less than one week. This demonstrates the speed at which barcode-assisted inventories can be completed and the utility that barcoding provides in minimizing and guiding valuable taxonomic specialist time. The final product is more than a comprehensive biotic inventory - it is also a rich dataset of fine-scale occurrence and sequence data, all archived and cross-linked in the major biodiversity data repositories. This model of rapid generation and dissemination of essential biodiversity data could be followed to conduct regional assessments of biodiversity status and change, and potentially be employed for evaluating progress towards the Aichi Targets of the Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 Academic editor: Pavel Stoev
ISSN:	1314-2828 1314-2836 1314-2828
DOI:	10.3897/bdj.3.e6313