Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and Obesity-Induced Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes

Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells (MDSCs) and Obesity-Induced Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and, subsequently, decreased insulin secretion. This condition is closely linked to obesity, a major risk factor that boosts the development of chronic systemic inflammation, which, in turn, is recognized fo...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Diagnostics (Basel) Vol. 14; no. 21; p. 2453
Main Authors: Ghemiș, Larisa, Goriuc, Ancuța, Minea, Bogdan, Botnariu, Gina Eosefina, Mârțu, Maria-Alexandra, Ențuc, Melissa, Cioloca, Daniel, Foia, Liliana Georgeta
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Basel MDPI AG 01-11-2024
MDPI
Subjects:
Adipocytes
Adipose tissues
B cells
Body fat
Body mass index
Cardiovascular disease
Cytokines
Development and progression
Diabetes
Enzymes
Glucose
Health aspects
Homeostasis
Hyperglycemia
Inflammation
Insulin
Insulin resistance
Kinases
Liu, Timothy
MDSC
Metabolism
Morphology
myeloid-derived suppressor cells
Obesity
Phosphorylation
Proteins
Review
Risk factors
Tumor necrosis factor-TNF
Type 2 diabetes
Weight control
Romania
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Summary:Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and, subsequently, decreased insulin secretion. This condition is closely linked to obesity, a major risk factor that boosts the development of chronic systemic inflammation, which, in turn, is recognized for its crucial role in the onset of insulin resistance. Under conditions of obesity, adipose tissue, particularly visceral fat, becomes an active endocrine organ that releases a wide range of pro-inflammatory mediators, including cytokines, chemokines, and adipokines. These mediators, along with cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, contribute to the maintenance of systemic low-grade inflammation, promote cellular signaling and facilitate the infiltration of inflammatory cells into tissues. Emerging studies have indicated the accumulation of a new cell population in the adipose tissue in these conditions, known as myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These cells possess the ability to suppress the immune system, impacting obesity-related chronic inflammation. Given the limited literature addressing the role of MDSCs in the context of type 2 diabetes, this article aims to explore the complex interaction between inflammation, obesity, and MDSC activity. Identifying and understanding the role of these immature cells is essential not only for improving the management of type 2 diabetes but also for the potential development of targeted therapeutic strategies aimed at both glycemic control and the reduction in associated inflammation.
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ISSN:2075-4418
2075-4418
DOI:10.3390/diagnostics14212453