Cardiovascular effects and clinical outcomes in acute opioid toxicity: A case-control study from Port Said and Damietta Governorates Egypt

Substance abuse, particularly opioid intoxication, presents a significant public health challenge, leading to severe cardiovascular complications. This case-control study assessed the cardiac profile and clinical outcomes of 51 patients with confirmed acute opioid toxicity, compared to 51 control pa...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Toxicology reports Vol. 13; p. 101756
Main Authors:	Sayed, Heba Youssef, Ghaly, Rawan M., Mostafa, Amany A., Hemeda, Mohamed S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Ireland Elsevier B.V 01-12-2024 Elsevier
Subjects:	Cardiac affection Cardiac enzymes ECG abnormalities Echocardiography Opioid Poison severity score Opioid ECG abnormalities Echocardiography Poison severity score Cardiac enzymes Cardiac affection
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Summary:	Substance abuse, particularly opioid intoxication, presents a significant public health challenge, leading to severe cardiovascular complications. This case-control study assessed the cardiac profile and clinical outcomes of 51 patients with confirmed acute opioid toxicity, compared to 51 control participants, in general hospitals across Port Said and Damietta governorates, Egypt. The study revealed that opioid-intoxicated patients exhibited significant cardiovascular abnormalities, including hypotension (39.2 %) and electrocardiogram (ECG) changes (72.5 %), with sinus bradycardia (51 %) being the most common. Additionally, echocardiographic abnormalities were found in 40 % of cases, with abnormal regional wall motion and valvular defects observed in several patients. Elevated levels of cardiac enzymes, such as Troponin-I and CK-MB, were significantly correlated with increased ICU stay length and higher mortality rates. The most common morbidities included coma (64.7 %) and shock (39.2 %). The study underscores the critical need for early cardiac assessment in opioid-intoxicated patients to predict clinical outcomes and guide therapeutic interventions. [Display omitted] •Opioid toxicity leads to significant cardiovascular abnormalities, especially sinus bradycardia.•Elevated Troponin-I and CK-MB levels correlate with ICU stay length and mortality.•Echocardiographic abnormalities are prevalent in opioid-intoxicated patients.•Coma and shock are common morbidities in acute opioid intoxication cases.•Early cardiac assessment is crucial for predicting outcomes in opioid toxicity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2214-7500 2214-7500
DOI:	10.1016/j.toxrep.2024.101756