Long-term cognitive complaint and post-concussive symptoms following mild traumatic brain injury: The role of cognitive and affective factors

Primary objective: To determine whether neuropsychological test performance or affective factors predict long-term post-concussive symptoms and cognitive complaint following mild traumatic brain injury. Methods and procedures: Participants included 21 individuals with mild traumatic brain injury, 19...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Brain injury Vol. 26; no. 3; pp. 298 - 307
Main Authors:	Clarke, Lisa A., Genat, Ross C., Anderson, Jacqueline F. I.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Informa UK, Ltd 01-03-2012 Taylor & Francis
Subjects:	Adolescent Adult Affect Anxiety - complications Anxiety - physiopathology Anxiety - psychology Brain Concussion - physiopathology Brain Concussion - psychology Cognition Cognition Disorders - etiology Cognition Disorders - physiopathology Cognition Disorders - psychology Cognition, outcome, head injury, mild brain injury, neuropsychological Female Humans Male Middle Aged Mood Disorders - etiology Mood Disorders - physiopathology Mood Disorders - psychology Neuropsychological Tests Neurotic Disorders - complications Neurotic Disorders - physiopathology Neurotic Disorders - psychology Predictive Value of Tests Retrospective Studies Surveys and Questionnaires Time Factors Young Adult
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Summary:	Primary objective: To determine whether neuropsychological test performance or affective factors predict long-term post-concussive symptoms and cognitive complaint following mild traumatic brain injury. Methods and procedures: Participants included 21 individuals with mild traumatic brain injury, 19 individuals with spinal injury but no injury to the brain and 20 neurologically-normal controls. All participants completed measures of post-concussive symptoms, cognitive complaint, depression, anxiety, and personality and were administered a variety of neuropsychological tests. Main outcomes and results: The hypothesis that depression, anxiety and neuroticism would be better predictors of post-concussive symptoms than neuropsychological test performance for all three groups was supported. Contrary to expectations, however, neuropsychological test performance was a unique predictor of cognitive complaint for the mild traumatic brain injury group. Conclusions: It was concluded that long-term post-concussive symptoms are largely representative of psychological symptoms and not brain damage, but that genuine, albeit subtle, cognitive deficits also may be present for long-term periods following mild traumatic brain injury.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0269-9052 1362-301X
DOI:	10.3109/02699052.2012.654588