Mu-Opioid Receptors in the Caudomedial NTS Are Critical for Respiratory Responses to stimulation of bronchopulmonary C-fibers and Carotid Body in Conscious Rats

Highlights • The cmNTS presents the highest MORs in the caudal medulla. • Activation of cmNTS MORs blocks or almost eliminates the PCF-mediated apnea and HVR in the intact rats with HCVR inhibited in the carotid body ablated rats. • Our data imply a presence of MORs in the synapse of the 2nd-order n...

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Published in:	Respiratory physiology & neurobiology Vol. 235; pp. 71 - 78
Main Authors:	Zhuang, Jianguo, Gao, Xiuping, Gao, Franklin, Xu, Fadi, MD
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01-01-2017
Subjects:	Analgesics, Opioid - pharmacology Anesthesia Animals Anti-Arrhythmia Agents - pharmacology Carbon Dioxide - metabolism Carotid Body - cytology Carotid Body - drug effects Carotid Body - metabolism Chemoreception Chemoreceptor Cells - cytology Chemoreceptor Cells - drug effects Chemoreceptor Cells - metabolism Enkephalin, Ala-MePhe-Gly- - pharmacology Hypercapnia - metabolism Hypercapnia - pathology Hypoxia - metabolism Hypoxia - pathology Immunohistochemistry Male Medical Education Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated - drug effects Nerve Fibers, Unmyelinated - metabolism Opioid Pulmonary/Respiratory Rats, Sprague-Dawley Receptors, Opioid, mu - agonists Receptors, Opioid, mu - antagonists & inhibitors Receptors, Opioid, mu - metabolism Respiration Respiration - drug effects Solitary Nucleus - cytology Solitary Nucleus - drug effects Solitary Nucleus - metabolism Synapses - drug effects Synapses - metabolism Opioid respiration chemoreception anesthesia Anesthesia Chemoreception Respiration
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Summary:	Highlights • The cmNTS presents the highest MORs in the caudal medulla. • Activation of cmNTS MORs blocks or almost eliminates the PCF-mediated apnea and HVR in the intact rats with HCVR inhibited in the carotid body ablated rats. • Our data imply a presence of MORs in the synapse of the 2nd-order neurons receiving inputs from PCFs and the carotid and NTS chemosensitive neurons.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1569-9048 1878-1519
DOI:	10.1016/j.resp.2016.10.004