Comparative adaptability of Ralstonia solanacearum Moko ecotype isolates associated with wilt and Sergipe facies in Brazil

Banana cultivation holds great importance for Brazil, but the Northern and Northeast regions encounter production limitations due to Banana Moko disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Phylotype II). This includes various sequevars (IIA-6, IIA-24, IIA-41, IIA-53, IIB-4, and IIB-25) collectively kn...

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Published in:	Tropical plant pathology Vol. 49; no. 5; pp. 702 - 713
Main Authors:	Vieira, Wallison Oliveira, da Silva, Pedro Henrique Rodrigues, Albuquerque, Greecy Mirian Rodrigues, Silva, Adriano Márcio Freire, da Silva França, Kevison Romulo, Gagliard, Paulo Roberto, da Gama, Marco Aurélio Siqueira, de Souza, Elineide Barbosa
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Cham Springer International Publishing 01-10-2024
Subjects:	Biomedical and Life Sciences Life Sciences Original Article Plant Pathology Banana Moko disease Plant pathogen ecology Epidemiology sp
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Summary:	Banana cultivation holds great importance for Brazil, but the Northern and Northeast regions encounter production limitations due to Banana Moko disease caused by Ralstonia solanacearum (Phylotype II). This includes various sequevars (IIA-6, IIA-24, IIA-41, IIA-53, IIB-4, and IIB-25) collectively known as Moko ecotype isolates. In addition to the typical Moko symptoms observed in banana plants in the Northern region of Brazil, there are also atypical symptoms exclusively associated with the IIA-53 sequevar, found exclusively in the country’s Northeast region, and classified as Sergipe facies. To understand the traits of sequevars IIA-24 and IIA-53, we compared their adaptation to various conditions: physiological factors such as temperature, salinity, and pH in vitro; ecological aspects such as biofilm formation and bacteriocin production; and pathogenic conditions, including aggressiveness towards banana plants and other hosts. Both sequevars exhibited similar growth patterns across a range of temperatures (10 to 45 °C), with an optimal temperature of around 35 °C. They both grow within a broad pH range of 3.5 to 9.5. However, IIA-53 exhibits a higher adaptable pH range between 5.0 and 9.5. Both tolerated up to 5% NaCl (w/v) and showed no statistically significant differences in IC50 (2.39% for IIA-24 and 2.65% for IIA-53). Both sequevars could produce biofilms, with isolates classified as moderate or strong biofilm producers, but they did not produce bacteriocins. Tomato, potato, and heliconia plants were susceptible to infection by both subgroups, whereas peanut plants remained unaffected. Additionally, the two sequevars showed no significant difference in aggressiveness toward banana plants. Based on these findings, both sequevars exhibit comparable adaptive behaviors regarding the evaluated physiological, ecological, and pathogenic parameters. Therefore, both sequevars can establish themselves in the same environments. This suggests that other factors may be associated with the occurrence of these sequevars in the Northern (IIA-24) and Northeast (IIA-53) regions of Brazil.
ISSN:	1983-2052 1983-2052
DOI:	10.1007/s40858-024-00651-7