Functional groups matter: metabolomics analysis of Escherichia coli exposed to trans-cinnamic acid and its derivatives unveils common and unique targets

Phenolic acids are derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic acids, which possess important biological activities at certain concentrations. Trans-cinnamic acid (t-CA) and its derivatives, such as p-coumaric acid (p-CA) and ferulic acid (FA) have been shown to have antibacterial activity against various G...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	World journal of microbiology & biotechnology Vol. 40; no. 2; p. 47
Main Authors:	Onat-Taşdelen, Kadriye Aslıhan, Öztürkel-Kabakaş, Hatice, Yüksektepe, Ecem, Çatav, Şükrü Serter, Güzel, Gülnur, Çöl, Bekir, Kim, Hakbeom, Chae, Young Kee, Elgin, Emine Sonay
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01-02-2024 Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Acids Antibacterial activity Applied Microbiology Apyrimidinic sites Arginine Biochemistry Biomedical and Life Sciences Biotechnology Cadaverine Cinnamic acid Discriminant analysis E coli Environmental Engineering/Biotechnology Escherichia coli Ferulic acid Functional groups Galactose Glutathione Gram-positive bacteria Hydrogen peroxide Life Sciences Metabolic response Metabolism Metabolites Metabolomics Microbiology Mode of action NMR Nuclear magnetic resonance Nucleic acids p-Coumaric acid Phenolic acids Phenols Putrescine Sucrose tRNA Arg Metabolomics Antibacterial response Trans-cinnamic acid p-coumaric acid Ferulic acid Escherichia coli
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Summary:	Phenolic acids are derivatives of benzoic and cinnamic acids, which possess important biological activities at certain concentrations. Trans-cinnamic acid (t-CA) and its derivatives, such as p-coumaric acid (p-CA) and ferulic acid (FA) have been shown to have antibacterial activity against various Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. However, there is limited information available concerning the antibacterial mode of action of these phenolic acids. In this study, we aimed to ascertain metabolic alterations associated with exposure to t-CA, p-CA, and FA in Escherichia coli BW25113 using a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach. The results showed that t-CA, p-CA, and FA treatments led to significant changes ( p < 0.05) in the concentration of 42, 55, and 74% of the identified metabolites in E. coli , respectively. Partial least-squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) revealed a clear separation between control and phenolic acid groups with regard to metabolic response. Moreover, it was found that FA and p-CA treatment groups were clustered closely together but separated from the t-CA treatment group. Arginine, putrescine, cadaverine, galactose, and sucrose had the greatest impact on group differentiation. Quantitative pathway analysis demonstrated that arginine and proline, pyrimidine, glutathione, and galactose metabolisms, as well as aminoacyl-tRNA and arginine biosyntheses, were markedly affected by all phenolic acids. Finally, the H 2 O 2 content of E. coli cells was significantly increased in response to t-CA and p-CA whereas all phenolic acids caused a dramatic increase in the number of apurinic/apyrimidinic sites. Overall, this study suggests that the metabolic response of E. coli cells to t-CA is relatively different from that to p-CA and FA. However, all phenolic acids had a certain impact on oxidative/antioxidant status, genomic stability, arginine-related pathways, and nucleic acid metabolism.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0959-3993 1573-0972
DOI:	10.1007/s11274-023-03841-8