Smoking Cessation Alters Subgingival Microbial Recolonization

Smoking Cessation Alters Subgingival Microbial Recolonization

Smoking cessation improves the clinical manifestations of periodontitis; however, its effect on the subgingival biofilm, the primary etiological agent of periodontitis, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate, longitudinally, if smoking cessation altered the composition of the subgi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of dental research Vol. 88; no. 6; pp. 524 - 528
Main Authors: Fullmer, S.C., Preshaw, P.M., Heasman, P.A., Kumar, P.S.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: United States SAGE Publications 01-06-2009
SAGE PUBLICATIONS, INC
Subjects:
Chronic Periodontitis - microbiology
Chronic Periodontitis - therapy
Dental Plaque - microbiology
Dental Scaling
Dentistry
DNA, Bacterial - analysis
Host-Pathogen Interactions
Humans
Longitudinal Studies
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Smoking
Smoking Cessation
molecular
subgingival
bacteria
smoking cessation
recolonization
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Summary:Smoking cessation improves the clinical manifestations of periodontitis; however, its effect on the subgingival biofilm, the primary etiological agent of periodontitis, is unclear. The purpose of this study was to investigate, longitudinally, if smoking cessation altered the composition of the subgingival microbial community, by means of a quantitative, cultivation-independent assay for bacterial profiling. Subgingival plaque was collected at baseline, and 3, 6, and 12 months post-treatment from smokers who received root planing and smoking cessation counseling. The plaque was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (t-RFLP). Microbial profiles differed significantly between smokers and quitters at 6 and 12 months following smoking cessation. The microbial community in smokers was similar to baseline, while quitters demonstrated significantly divergent profiles. Changes in bacterial levels contributed to this shift. These findings reveal a critical role for smoking cessation in altering the subgingival biofilm and suggest a mechanism for improved periodontal health associated with smoking cessation.
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ISSN:0022-0345
1544-0591
DOI:10.1177/0022034509338676