Prevalence and Clinicopathological Features of Triaditis in a Prospective Case Series of Symptomatic and Asymptomatic Cats

Background The term triaditis designates the concurrent presence of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cholangitis, and pancreatitis in cats. Hypothesis/Objectives The histopathology of concurrent, but often subclinical, inflammatory processes in the small intestine, liver, and pancreas of...

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Published in:	Journal of veterinary internal medicine Vol. 30; no. 4; pp. 1031 - 1045
Main Authors:	Fragkou, F.C., Adamama‐Moraitou, K.K., Poutahidis, T., Prassinos, N.N., Kritsepi‐Konstantinou, M., Xenoulis, P.G., Steiner, J.M., Lidbury, J.A., Suchodolski, J.S., Rallis, T.S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	United States John Wiley and Sons Inc 01-07-2016
Subjects:	Animals Cat Cat Diseases - pathology Cats Cholangitis Cholangitis - complications Cholangitis - pathology Cholangitis - veterinary Fatty Liver - pathology Fatty Liver - veterinary Inflammatory Bowel Disease Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - complications Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - pathology Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - veterinary Pancreatitis Pancreatitis - complications Pancreatitis - pathology Pancreatitis - veterinary SMALL ANIMAL Inflammatory Bowel Disease Cat Cholangitis Pancreatitis
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Summary:	Background The term triaditis designates the concurrent presence of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), cholangitis, and pancreatitis in cats. Hypothesis/Objectives The histopathology of concurrent, but often subclinical, inflammatory processes in the small intestine, liver, and pancreas of cats is poorly described. We aimed to investigate the frequency of enteritis, cholangitis, pancreatitis, or some combination of these in symptomatic and asymptomatic cats, compare clinicopathological features, and correlate histopathological with laboratory findings. Animals Domestic cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic, and 8 normal). Methods Prospective study. Physical examination, laboratory variables (CBC, serum biochemistry profile, serum thyroxine concentration, serum feline trypsin‐like immunoreactivity [fTLI], feline lipase immunoreactivity [fPLI, as measured by Spec fPL®], urinalysis, and fecal analysis), imaging, and histopathological examinations were conducted. Feline liver, pancreas, and small intestine were biopsied during laparotomy. Results Inflammatory lesions were detected in 47 cats (27 symptomatic, 20 asymptomatic). In total, 20 cats had histopathologic lesions of IBD (13/47, 27.7%), cholangitis (6/47, 12.8%), or pancreatitis (1/47, 2.1%) alone, or inflammation involving >1 organ (27/47, 57.4%). More specifically, 16/47 cats (34.0%) had concurrent lesions of IBD and cholangitis, 3/47 (6.4%) of IBD and pancreatitis, and 8/47 cats (17%) of triaditis. Triaditis was identified only in symptomatic cats (8/27, 29.6%). A mild, positive correlation was detected between the severity (score) of IBD lesions and the number of comorbidities (rho = +0.367, P = .022). Conclusions and Clinical Importance Histopathological evidence of IBD or IBD with comorbidities was detected in both symptomatic and asymptomatic cats. The possibility of triaditis should be considered in symptomatic cats with severe IBD.
Bibliography:	The study was conducted at the Companion Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece. The data were presented in part at the 22nd Annual Congress of the European College of Veterinary Internal Medicine‐Companion Animals, 6–8 September 2012, Maastricht, The Netherlands ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0891-6640 1939-1676
DOI:	10.1111/jvim.14356