Genome sequence of the Brown Norway rat yields insights into mammalian evolution

The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is an indispensable tool in experimental medicine and drug development, having made inestimable contributions to human health. We report here the genome sequence of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. The sequence represents a high-quality 'draft' cover...

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Published in:	Nature Vol. 428; no. 6982; pp. 493 - 521
Main Authors:	Gibbs, Richard A, Weinstock, George M, Metzker, Michael L, Muzny, Donna M, Sodergren, Erica J, Scherer, Steven, Scott, Graham, Steffen, David, Worley, Kim C, Burch, Paula E, Okwuonu, Geoffrey, Hines, Sandra, Lewis, Lora, DeRamo, Christine, Delgado, Oliver, Dugan-Rocha, Shannon, Miner, George, Morgan, Margaret, Hawes, Alicia, Gill, Rachel, Celera, Holt, Robert A, Adams, Mark D, Amanatides, Peter G, Baden-Tillson, Holly, Barnstead, Mary, Chin, Soo, Evans, Cheryl A, Ferriera, Steve, Fosler, Carl, Glodek, Anna, Gu, Zhiping, Jennings, Don, Kraft, Cheryl L, Nguyen, Trixie, Pfannkoch, Cynthia M, Sitter, Cynthia, Sutton, Granger G, Venter, J Craig, Woodage, Trevor, Smith, Douglas, Lee, Hong-Mei, Gustafson, Erik, Cahill, Patrick, Kana, Arnold, Doucette-Stamm, Lynn, Weinstock, Keith, Fechtel, Kim, Weiss, Robert B, Dunn, Diane M, Green, Eric D, Blakesley, Robert W, Bouffard, Gerard G, De Jong, Pieter J, Osoegawa, Kazutoyo, Zhu, Baoli, Marra, Marco, Schein, Jacqueline, Bosdet, Ian, Fjell, Chris, Jones, Steven, Krzywinski, Martin, Mathewson, Carrie, Siddiqui, Asim, Wye, Natasja, McPherson, John, Zhao, Shaying, Fraser, Claire M, Shetty, Jyoti, Shatsman, Sofiya, Geer, Keita, Chen, Yixin, Abramzon, Sofyia, Nierman, William C, Havlak, Paul H, Chen, Rui, Durbin, K James, Simons, Rain, Ren, Yanru, Song, Xing-Zhi, Li, Bingshan, Liu, Yue, Qin, Xiang, Cawley, Simon, Cooney, A J, D'Souza, Lisa M, Martin, Kirt, Wu, Jia Qian, Gonzalez-Garay, Manuel L, Jackson, Andrew R, Kalafus, Kenneth J, McLeod, Michael P, Milosavljevic, Aleksandar, Virk, Davinder, Volkov, Andrei, Wheeler, David A, Zhang, Zhengdong, Bailey, Jeffrey A, Eichler, Evan E
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing 01-04-2004 Nature Publishing Group
Subjects:	Animals Base Composition Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Bioinformatik och systembiologi Biokemi och molekylärbiologi Biological and medical sciences Cell Biology Cellbiologi Centromere - genetics Chromosomes, Mammalian - genetics Classical genetics, quantitative genetics, hybrids Comparative analysis CpG Islands - genetics Disease DNA Transposable Elements - genetics DNA, Mitochondrial - genetics Evolution Evolution, Molecular Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gene Duplication Genetics Genetics of eukaryotes. Biological and molecular evolution Genetik Genome Genomics Humans Introns - genetics Karyotypes Male Mammals Medical research Mice Models, Molecular Mutagenesis Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide - genetics Probability Theory and Statistics Rats Rats, Inbred BN - genetics Rattus norvegicus Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid - genetics Retroelements - genetics RNA Splice Sites - genetics RNA, Untranslated - genetics Rodents Sannolikhetsteori och statistik Sequence Analysis, DNA Telomere - genetics Vertebrata Vertebrata Mammalia Gene Nucleotide sequence Rodentia Rattus norvegicus Genome Protein
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Summary:	The laboratory rat (Rattus norvegicus) is an indispensable tool in experimental medicine and drug development, having made inestimable contributions to human health. We report here the genome sequence of the Brown Norway (BN) rat strain. The sequence represents a high-quality 'draft' covering over 90% of the genome. The BN rat sequence is the third complete mammalian genome to be deciphered, and three-way comparisons with the human and mouse genomes resolve details of mammalian evolution. This first comprehensive analysis includes genes and proteins and their relation to human disease, repeated sequences, comparative genome-wide studies of mammalian orthologous chromosomal regions and rearrangement breakpoints, reconstruction of ancestral karyotypes and the events leading to existing species, rates of variation, and lineage-specific and lineage-independent evolutionary events such as expansion of gene families, orthology relations and protein evolution.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 USDOE Office of Science (SC), Biological and Environmental Research (BER)
ISSN:	0028-0836 1476-4687 1476-4687
DOI:	10.1038/nature02426