On the Effects of Diluted and Mixed Ionic Liquids as Liquid Substrates for the Sputter Synthesis of Nanoparticles

On the Effects of Diluted and Mixed Ionic Liquids as Liquid Substrates for the Sputter Synthesis of Nanoparticles

The synthesis of nanoparticles by combinatorial sputtering in ionic liquids is a versatile approach for discovering new materials. Whereas the influence on nanoparticle formation of different pure ionic liquids has been addressed, the influence of (I) dilution of ionic liquid with solvents and (II)...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 10; no. 3; p. 525
Main Authors: Meischein, Michael, Fork, Marvin, Ludwig, Alfred
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 14-03-2020
MDPI
Subjects:
Anions
Anisole
Catalysis
Cations
Combinatorial analysis
Copper
Dilution
Gold
ionic liquid mixtures
Ionic liquids
Nanoparticles
Silver
Size distribution
Solvents
sputter deposition
Stabilization
Substrates
Synthesis
Viscosity
sputter deposition
ionic liquid mixtures
nanoparticles
ionic liquids
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Summary:The synthesis of nanoparticles by combinatorial sputtering in ionic liquids is a versatile approach for discovering new materials. Whereas the influence on nanoparticle formation of different pure ionic liquids has been addressed, the influence of (I) dilution of ionic liquid with solvents and (II) different mixtures of ionic liquids is less known. Therefore, mixtures of the ionic liquid [Bmim][(Tf) N] with the organic solvent anisole and other ionic liquids ([Bmim][(Pf) N], [BmPyr][(Tf) N]) were used as liquid substrates for the sputter synthesis of nanoparticles, in order to investigate the influence of these mixtures on the size of the nanoparticles. First, mixtures of anisole with a suspension of sputtered Ag nanoparticles in [Bmim][(Tf) N] were prepared in different volumetric steps to investigate if the stabilization of the NPs by the ionic liquid could be reduced by the solvent. However, a continuous reduction in nanoparticle size and amount with increasing anisole volume was observed. Second, Ag, Au and Cu were sputtered on ionic liquid mixtures. Ag nanoparticles in [Bmim][(Tf) N]/[Bmim][(Pf) N] mixtures showed a decrease in size with the increasing volumetric fraction of [Bmim][(Tf) N], whereas all nanoparticles obtained from [Bmim][(Tf) N]/[BmPyr][(Tf) N] mixtures showed increasing size and broadening of the size distribution. Maximum sizes of sputtered Ag and Au NPs were reached in mixtures of [Bmim][(Tf) N] with 20 vol.% and 40 vol.% [BmPyr][(Tf) N]. The results indicate that ionic liquid mixtures with different portions of cations and anions have the capability of influencing the ionic liquid stabilization characteristics with respect to, e.g., nanoparticle size and size distribution.
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ISSN:2079-4991
2079-4991
DOI:10.3390/nano10030525