Search Results - "Forensic Science"

Violence against women in the Covid-19 pandemic: A review of the literature and a call for shared strategies to tackle health and social emergencies by Viero, A., Barbara, G., Montisci, M., Kustermann, K., Cattaneo, C.

“…The aim of this article was to conduct a rapid critical review of the literature about the relationship between violence against women (VAW) and the current…”
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A DWT-SVD based robust digital watermarking for medical image security by Zermi, Narima, Khaldi, Amine, Kafi, Redouane, Kahlessenane, Fares, Euschi, Salah

“…•The proposed approach is a hybrid scheme based on a discrete wavelet transforms and singular value decomposition.•The proposed approach being blind, the…”
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DNA transfer in forensic science: A review by van Oorschot, Roland A.H., Szkuta, Bianca, Meakin, Georgina E., Kokshoorn, Bas, Goray, Mariya

“…•Understanding the variables impacting DNA transfer is highly relevant.•DNA transfer awareness is required to limit contamination risk.•Dedicated training is…”
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The Sydney declaration – Revisiting the essence of forensic science through its fundamental principles by Roux, Claude, Bucht, Rebecca, Crispino, Frank, De Forest, Peter, Lennard, Chris, Margot, Pierre, Miranda, Michelle D., NicDaeid, Niamh, Ribaux, Olivier, Ross, Alastair, Willis, Sheila

“…•The Sydney Declaration revisits the essence of forensic science.•A definition and 7 fundamental principles provide a renewed foundational basis.•The trace is…”
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The HIrisPlex-S system for eye, hair and skin colour prediction from DNA: Introduction and forensic developmental validation by Chaitanya, Lakshmi, Breslin, Krystal, Zuñiga, Sofia, Wirken, Laura, Pośpiech, Ewelina, Kukla-Bartoszek, Magdalena, Sijen, Titia, Knijff, Peter de, Liu, Fan, Branicki, Wojciech, Kayser, Manfred, Walsh, Susan

“…•We introduce the HIrisPlex-S system for eye, hair, and skin colour prediction from DNA.•HIrisPlex-S consists of a novel 17-plex and the previous 24-plex…”
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Dimensionality reduction and visualisation of hyperspectral ink data using t-SNE by Melit Devassy, Binu, George, Sony

“…•The t-SNE algorithm is introduced into forensic ink data analysis.•Created hyperspectra database of inks from 60 pens, from different manufactures, type and…”
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A review of sex estimation techniques during examination of skeletal remains in forensic anthropology casework by Krishan, Kewal, Chatterjee, Preetika M, Kanchan, Tanuj, Kaur, Sandeep, Baryah, Neha, Singh, R.K

“…Highlights • The article reviews sex estimation methods used in forensic anthropology casework. • It also discusses the reliability of morphological, metric,…”
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STRAF—A convenient online tool for STR data evaluation in forensic genetics by Gouy, Alexandre, Zieger, Martin

“…•STRAF (STR Analysis for Forensics) computes all the required standard statistics for autosomal STR population data in forensic genetics.•It is freely…”
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Abuse of fentanyl: An emerging problem to face by Kuczyńska, Katarzyna, Grzonkowski, Piotr, Kacprzak, Łukasz, Zawilska, Jolanta B.

“…•Fentanyl-related morbility and mortality has alarmingly increased in recent years.•Most fentanyl abuse involves illicitly produced drug mixed up with…”
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Society of Hair Testing guidelines for drug testing in hair by Cooper, Gail A.A, Kronstrand, Robert, Kintz, Pascal

“…Abstract The Society of Hair Testing (SoHT) Guidelines for Drug Testing in Hair provide laboratories with recommended best practice guidelines whether they are…”
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A review of trace “Touch DNA” deposits: Variability factors and an exploration of cellular composition by Burrill, Julia, Daniel, Barbara, Frascione, Nunzianda

“…•Amount of DNA deposited on touched items is highly variable and difficult to predict.•Ongoing research shows wide range of factors in variability of touch DNA…”
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Death cases involving certain new psychoactive substances: A review of the literature by Kraemer, Michael, Boehmer, Anna, Madea, Burkhard, Maas, Alexandra

“…•Summary of fatalities with findings of new psychoactive substances previously described in scientific literature.•Overview of postmortem concentrations of new…”
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Cognitive bias research in forensic science: A systematic review by Cooper, Glinda S., Meterko, Vanessa

“…•29 studies in 14 disciplines demonstrate influence of confirmation bias.•These studies support three improvements to improve accuracy of analyses,…”
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A Guideline for the Validation of Likelihood Ratio Methods used for Forensic Evidence Evaluation by Meuwly, Didier, Ramos, Daniel, Haraksim, Rudolf

“…Highlights • This is a guideline proposing a protocol for the validation of forensic evaluation methods • The validation focuses on likelihood ratio methods…”
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Using genetic genealogy databases in missing persons cases and to develop suspect leads in violent crimes by Kennett, Debbie

“…•Genetic genealogy databases produce investigative leads in cold and active cases.•Many people in these databases have not given informed consent for law…”
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Autopsy findings in COVID-19-related deaths: a literature review by Maiese, Aniello, Manetti, Alice Chiara, La Russa, Raffaele, Di Paolo, Marco, Turillazzi, Emanuela, Frati, Paola, Fineschi, Vittorio

“…Although many clinical reports have been published, little is known about the pathological post-mortem findings from people who have died of the novel…”
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Chronological age prediction based on DNA methylation: Massive parallel sequencing and random forest regression by Naue, Jana, Hoefsloot, Huub C.J., Mook, Olaf R.F., Rijlaarsdam-Hoekstra, Laura, van der Zwalm, Marloes C.H., Henneman, Peter, Kloosterman, Ate D., Verschure, Pernette J.

“…•An epigenetic age prediction tool for blood was developed based on MPS, and the DNA methylation levels of 13 markers.•Random forest regression (RFR) was used…”
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EuroForMix : An open source software based on a continuous model to evaluate STR DNA profiles from a mixture of contributors with artefacts by Bleka, Øyvind, Storvik, Geir, Gill, Peter

“…Highlights • A STR DNA profile analyzer is implemented in a user-friendly GUI. • We explain the underlying model which utilizes the allelic peak heights. •…”
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Shedding light on shedders by Kanokwongnuwut, Piyamas, Martin, Belinda, Kirkbride, K. Paul, Linacre, Adrian

“…•A new method to determine the shedder status of an individual is presented that is simple to perform.•The use of a DNA staining dye can visualise the presence…”
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Genetic genealogy for cold case and active investigations by Greytak, Ellen M., Moore, CeCe, Armentrout, Steven L.

“…•Genetic genealogy is helping to close both cold and active investigations.•Forensic DNA is uploaded to public genetic genealogy databases to find…”
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