Exposure to tobacco smoke containing either high or low levels of nicotine during adolescence Differential effects on choline uptake in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus

There is a lack of experimental studies that investigate the effects of tobacco smoke exposure during adolescence. Here, we investigated the effects of tobacco smoke generated from cigarettes containing either high or low levels of nicotine on the cholinergic system. From postnatal day (PN) 30 to 45...

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Published in:	Nicotine & tobacco research Vol. 12; no. 7; pp. 776 - 780
Main Authors:	Abreu-Villaça, Yael, Filgueiras, Cláudio Carneiro, Guthierrez, Monique, de Medeiros, Ana Heloisa, Mattos, Maria Angélica, dos Santos Pereira, Maurício, Manhães, Alex Christian, Kubrusly, Regina Célia Cussa
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England Oxford University Press 01-07-2010
Subjects:	Adolescent Animals Behavior, Animal - drug effects BRIEF REPORTS Central Nervous System Depressants - administration & dosage Central Nervous System Depressants - pharmacology Cerebral Cortex - drug effects Cerebral Cortex - metabolism Choline O-Acetyltransferase - metabolism Cholinergic Agents - pharmacology Female Hippocampus - drug effects Hippocampus - metabolism Humans Male Mice Mice, Inbred C57BL Models, Animal Nicotine - pharmacology Parasympathetic Nervous System - drug effects Sexual Maturation - drug effects Smoke
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Summary:	There is a lack of experimental studies that investigate the effects of tobacco smoke exposure during adolescence. Here, we investigated the effects of tobacco smoke generated from cigarettes containing either high or low levels of nicotine on the cholinergic system. From postnatal day (PN) 30 to 45, 18 C57BL/6 (inbred) and 16 Swiss (outbred) mice of both sexes were exposed to tobacco smoke (whole body exposure for 8 hr/day and 7 days/week) generated from one of two reference research cigarettes: type 3R4F (HighNIC group-nicotine = 0.73 mg/cigarette) or type 4A1 (LowNIC group-nicotine = 0.14 mg/cigarette). Control mice (CT) were exposed to air. On PN 45, cotinine (nicotine metabolite) serum levels and [(3)H]choline uptake in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were assessed. Cotinine serum levels were eight times higher in HighNIC mice (C57BL/6:142.0 +/- 16.7 ng/ml and Swiss: 197.6 +/- 11.1 ng/ml) when compared with LowNIC ones (C57BL/6:17.4 +/- 7.4 ng/ml and Swiss: 24.6 +/- 2.2 ng/ml). Only HighNIC mice presented a significant increase in [(3)H]choline uptake in the hippocampus (C57BL/6: HighNIC > CT and HighNIC > LowNIC, p < .001 and Swiss: HighNIC > CT and HighNIC > LowNIC, p < .001), whereas in the cerebral cortex, both HighNIC and LowNIC mice presented increased [(3)H]choline uptake (C57BL/6: HighNIC > CT and LowNIC > CT, p < .05 and Swiss: HighNIC > CT and LowNIC > CT, p < .001). Our results indicate that tobacco smoke exposure during adolescence increases [(3)H]choline uptake. However, the effects are dependent on the type of cigarette and on the brain region.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	1462-2203 1469-994X
DOI:	10.1093/ntr/ntq075