Fish-oil supplementation enhances the effects of strength training in elderly women

Background: Muscle force and functional capacity generally decrease with aging in the older population, although this effect can be reversed, attenuated, or both through strength training. Fish oil (FO), which is rich in n-3 (omega-3) PUFAs, has been shown to play a role in the plasma membrane and c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	The American journal of clinical nutrition Vol. 95; no. 2; pp. 428 - 436
Main Authors:	Rodacki, Cintia LN, Rodacki, André LF, Pereira, Gleber, Naliwaiko, Katya, Coelho, Isabela, Pequito, Daniele, Fernandes, Luiz Cléudio
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Bethesda, MD Elsevier Inc 01-02-2012 American Society for Nutrition American Society for Clinical Nutrition, Inc
Subjects:	Activities of Daily Living Biological and medical sciences Dietary Fats - administration & dosage Dietary Supplements Fatty Acids, Omega-3 - pharmacology Feeding. Feeding behavior Female Fish oils Fish Oils - pharmacology Force Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology Gerontology Humans Middle Aged Movement Muscle Strength - drug effects Muscle Strength - physiology Muscle, Skeletal - drug effects Muscles Muscular system Neuromuscular system Nutrition Older people Physical Education and Training Physical Fitness Resistance Training Strength (training) Torque Training (programs) Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems Women RTD ST150 group FO RMS ST group ST90 group 1RM EMD Human Physical training Female Supplementation Fish oil Elderly Strength
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Summary:	Background: Muscle force and functional capacity generally decrease with aging in the older population, although this effect can be reversed, attenuated, or both through strength training. Fish oil (FO), which is rich in n-3 (omega-3) PUFAs, has been shown to play a role in the plasma membrane and cell function of muscles, which may enhance the benefits of training. The effect of strength training and FO supplementation on the neuromuscular system of the elderly has not been investigated. Objective: The objective was to investigate the chronic effect of FO supplementation and strength training on the neuromuscular system (muscle strength and functional capacity) of older women. Design: Forty-five women (aged 64 ± 1.4 y) were randomly assigned to 3 groups. One group performed strength training only (ST group) for 90 d, whereas the others performed the same strength-training program and received FO supplementation (2 g/d) for 90 d (ST90 group) or for 150 d (ST150 group; supplemented 60 d before training). Muscle strength and functional capacity were assessed before and after the training period. Results: No differences in the pretraining period were found between groups for any of the variables. The peak torque and rate of torque development for all muscles (knee flexor and extensor, plantar and dorsiflexor) increased from pre- to posttraining in all groups. However, the effect was greater in the ST90 and ST150 groups than in the ST group. The activation level and electromechanical delay of the muscles changed from pre- to posttraining only for the ST90 and ST150 groups. Chair-rising performance in the FO groups was higher than in the ST group. Conclusions: Strength training increased muscle strength in elderly women. The inclusion of FO supplementation caused greater improvements in muscle strength and functional capacity.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-2 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-1 content type line 23 ObjectType-Article-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 ObjectType-Undefined-3
ISSN:	0002-9165 1938-3207
DOI:	10.3945/ajcn.111.021915