Toxocara canis: anthelmintic activity of quinone derivatives in murine toxocarosis

Human toxocarosis is a chronic tissue parasitosis most often caused by Toxocara canis. The seroprevalence can reach up to 50%, especially among children and adolescents. The anthelmintics used in the treatment have moderate efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo ant...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Parasitology Vol. 143; no. 4; p. 507
Main Authors:	Mata-Santos, T, Mata-Santos, H A, Carneiro, P F, De Moura, K C G, Fenalti, J M, Klafke, G B, Cruz, L A X, Martins, L H R, Pinto, N F, Pinto, M C F R, Berne, M E A, Da Silva, P E A, Scaini, C J
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	England 01-04-2016
Subjects:	Albendazole - pharmacology Albendazole - therapeutic use Animals Anthelmintics - chemistry Anthelmintics - pharmacology Anthelmintics - therapeutic use Anthelmintics - toxicity Female Larva - drug effects Macrophages, Peritoneal - drug effects Mice Mice, Inbred BALB C Mice, Inbred C57BL Quinones - chemistry Quinones - pharmacology Quinones - therapeutic use Quinones - toxicity Toxocara canis - drug effects Toxocariasis - drug therapy Toxocariasis - parasitology Toxocariasis larvicidal naphthoxiranes chemotherapy
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Summary:	Human toxocarosis is a chronic tissue parasitosis most often caused by Toxocara canis. The seroprevalence can reach up to 50%, especially among children and adolescents. The anthelmintics used in the treatment have moderate efficacy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo anthelmintic activity of quinones and their derivatives against T. canis larvae and the cytotoxicity of the larvicidal compounds. The compounds were evaluated at 1 mg mL(-1) concentration in microculture plates containing third stage larvae in an Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI) 1640 environment, incubated at 37 °C in 5% CO2 tension for 48 h. Five naphthoxiranes were selected for the cytotoxicity analysis. The cell viability evaluated by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays using murine peritoneal macrophages isolated from C57BL/6 mice revealed that the naphthoxiranes (1 and 3) were less cytotoxic at a concentration of 0.05 mg mL(-1). The efficacy of naphthoxiranes (1 and 3) was examined in murine toxocarosis also. The anthelmintic activity was examined by evaluating the number of larvae in the brain, carcass, liver, lungs, heart, kidneys and eyes. Compound (3) demonstrated anthelmintic activity similar to that of albendazole by decreasing the number of larvae in the organs of mice and thus could form the basis of the development of a new anthelmintic drug.
ISSN:	1469-8161
DOI:	10.1017/S0031182016000068