Exploring mosquito abundance and Plasmodium infection through nested-PCR: implications for disease surveillance and control

The Plasmodium is responsible for malaria which poses a major health threat, globally. This study is based on the estimation of the relative abundance of mosquitoes, and finding out the correlations of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity and rainfall) with the abundance of mosquitoes. I...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Scientific reports Vol. 14; no. 1; p. 9871
Main Authors:	Abbas, Haider, Sajid, Muhammad S., Rizwan, Hafiz M., Tahir, Urfa B., Farooqi, Shahid H., Iqbal, Zeeshan, Malik, Muhammad A., Yaseen, Kashaf, Maqbool, Mahvish, Raza, Faiz A., Raza, Mohsin, Fouad, Dalia, Ataya, Farid S.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	London Nature Publishing Group UK 30-04-2024 Nature Publishing Group Nature Portfolio
Subjects:	631/337/151 631/61/212 Animals Anopheles Anopheles - genetics Anopheles - parasitology Aquatic insects Control programs Culex - genetics Culex - parasitology Culicidae Female Health risks Humanities and Social Sciences Humans Humidity Malaria Malaria - epidemiology Malaria - parasitology Malaria - transmission Mosquito Vectors - genetics Mosquito Vectors - parasitology Mosquitoes multidisciplinary Plasmodium Plasmodium - genetics Plasmodium - isolation & purification Plasmodium falciparum - genetics Plasmodium falciparum - isolation & purification Plasmodium vivax - genetics Polymerase Chain Reaction - methods Relative abundance Relative humidity RNA, Ribosomal, 18S - genetics rRNA 18S Science Science (multidisciplinary) Vector-borne diseases
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Summary:	The Plasmodium is responsible for malaria which poses a major health threat, globally. This study is based on the estimation of the relative abundance of mosquitoes, and finding out the correlations of meteorological parameters (temperature, humidity and rainfall) with the abundance of mosquitoes. In addition, this study also focused on the use of nested PCR (species-specific nucleotide sequences of 18S rRNA genes) to explore the Plasmodium spp. in female Anopheles . In the current study, the percentage relative abundance of Culex mosquitoes was 57.65% and Anopheles 42.34% among the study areas. In addition, the highest number of mosquitoes was found in March in district Mandi Bahauddin at 21 °C (T max = 27, T min = 15) average temperature, 69% average relative humidity and 131 mm rainfall, and these climatic factors were found to affect the abundance of the mosquitoes, directly or indirectly. Molecular analysis showed that overall, 41.3% of the female Anopheles pools were positive for genus Plasmodium . Among species, the prevalence of Plasmodium ( P. ) vivax (78.1%) was significantly higher than P. falciparum (21.9%). This study will be helpful in the estimation of future risk of mosquito-borne diseases along with population dynamic of mosquitoes to enhance the effectiveness of vector surveillance and control programs.
Bibliography:	ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	2045-2322 2045-2322
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-024-60662-x