Probing the catalytic activity of bimetallic versus trimetallic nanoshells

The synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles represents an emerging strategy to maximize catalytic performances in noble metal-based catalysts. However, the controllable synthesis of trimetallic nanomaterials as well as the exact role played by the addition of a third metal in their composition over c...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:	Journal of materials science Vol. 50; no. 16; pp. 5620 - 5629
Main Authors:	Rodrigues, Thenner S., da Silva, Anderson G. M., Macedo, Alexandra, Farini, Bruna W., Alves, Rafael da S., Camargo, Pedro H. C.
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	New York Springer US 01-08-2015 Springer Springer Nature B.V
Subjects:	Bimetals Catalytic activity Catalytic converters Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Chemical synthesis Chemistry and Materials Science Classical Mechanics Composition Crystallography and Scattering Methods Materials Science Nanomaterials Nanoparticles Nanospheres Nitrophenol Noble metals Original Paper Palladium Polymer Sciences Precursors Silver Solid Mechanics Galvanic Replacement Reaction Metal Precursor Inductively Couple Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry Hollow Interior Localize Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Summary:	The synthesis of trimetallic nanoparticles represents an emerging strategy to maximize catalytic performances in noble metal-based catalysts. However, the controllable synthesis of trimetallic nanomaterials as well as the exact role played by the addition of a third metal in their composition over catalytic performances remains unclear. In this paper, we describe the synthesis of trimetallic nanoshells having AgAuPd, AgAuPt, and AgPdPt compositions by a sequential galvanic replacement reaction approach between Ag nanospheres as sacrificial templates and the corresponding metal precursors, i.e., AuCl 4 − (aq) , PdCl 4 2− (aq) , and/or PtCl 6 2− (aq) . In each of these systems, the composition could be systematically tuned by varying the molar ratios between Ag and each metal precursor. Nanoshells having Ag 56 Au 28 Pd 16 , Ag 78 Au 9 Pt 13 , and Ag 71 Pd 16 Pt 13 compositions were employed as model systems to investigate the effect of the addition of the third metal in their composition over the catalytic activities toward the 4-nitrophenol reduction. Our data demonstrate a significant enhancement in conversion percentages and thus the catalytic activities relative to the sum of their bimetallic counterparts, and this increase was dependent on the nature of the metals, corresponding to 826, 135, and 56 % for Ag 56 Au 28 Pd 16 , Ag 78 Au 9 Pt 13 , and Ag 71 Pd 16 Pt 13 nanoshells relative to their bimetallic analogs. The results presented herein demonstrate the strong correlation between catalytic activity and composition in multimetallic nanoshells, and that the incorporation of a third metal may represent a promising approach to boost catalytic activities for a variety of transformations.
ISSN:	0022-2461 1573-4803
DOI:	10.1007/s10853-015-9114-x