Investigating hormesis, aging, and neurodegeneration: From bench to clinics

Investigating hormesis, aging, and neurodegeneration: From bench to clinics

Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species production at a moderate physiological level plays a fundamental role in the anti-aging signaling, due to their action as redox-active sensors for the maintenance of optimal mitochondrial balance between intracellular energy status and hormetic nutrients....

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Published in:Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) Vol. 19; no. 1; pp. 20240986 - 97
Main Authors: Calabrese, Vittorio, Wenzel, Uwe, Piccoli, Tommaso, Jacob, Ursula M., Nicolosi, Lidia, Fazzolari, Giovanni, Failla, Gabriella, Fritsch, Tilman, Osakabe, Naomi, Calabrese, Edward J.
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Poland De Gruyter 17-06-2024
Subjects:
antioxidants
c. elegans
hormesis
longevity
Mini-Review
mitochondrial medicine
Nrf2
longevity
C. elegans
hormesis
Nrf2
antioxidants
mitochondrial medicine
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Summary:Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species production at a moderate physiological level plays a fundamental role in the anti-aging signaling, due to their action as redox-active sensors for the maintenance of optimal mitochondrial balance between intracellular energy status and hormetic nutrients. Iron regulatory protein dysregulation, systematically increased iron levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the consequent oxidative stress are recognized to underlie the pathogenesis of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Central to their pathogenesis, Nrf2 signaling dysfunction occurs with disruption of metabolic homeostasis. We highlight the potential therapeutic importance of nutritional polyphenols as substantive regulators of the Nrf2 pathway. Here, we discuss the common mechanisms targeting the Nrf2/vitagene pathway, as novel therapeutic strategies to minimize consequences of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation, generally associated to cognitive dysfunction, and demonstrate its key neuroprotective and anti-neuroinflammatory properties, summarizing pharmacotherapeutic aspects relevant to brain pathophysiology.
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ISSN:2391-5463
2391-5463
DOI:10.1515/med-2024-0986