Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines

Biological Effects of EF24, a Curcumin Derivative, Alone or Combined with Mitotane in Adrenocortical Tumor Cell Lines

Curcumin has numerous properties and is used in many preclinical conditions, including cancer. It has low bioavailability, while its derivative EF24 shows enhanced solubility. However, its effects have never been explored in adrenocortical tumor cell models. The efficacy of EF24 alone or combined wi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Vol. 24; no. 12; p. 2202
Main Authors: Bertazza, Loris, Barollo, Susi, Mari, Maria Elena, Faccio, Irene, Zorzan, Maira, Redaelli, Marco, Rubin, Beatrice, Armanini, Decio, Mian, Caterina, Pezzani, Raffaele
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 12-06-2019
MDPI
Subjects:
adrenocortical
Apoptosis
Biological effects
Cancer
Cell adhesion & migration
Cell cycle
Cell death
Cell morphology
Cell viability
Curcumin
Cytology
Cytotoxicity
Drug dosages
EF24
Experiments
Medical prognosis
Metastasis
Morphology
Motility
Oxidative stress
preclinical cell model
Researchers
Tumor cell lines
Tumors
Wound healing
preclinical cell model
EF24
adrenocortical
curcumin
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Summary:Curcumin has numerous properties and is used in many preclinical conditions, including cancer. It has low bioavailability, while its derivative EF24 shows enhanced solubility. However, its effects have never been explored in adrenocortical tumor cell models. The efficacy of EF24 alone or combined with mitotane (reference drug for adrenocortical cancer) was evaluated in two adrenocortical tumor cell lines, SW13 and H295R. EF24 reduced cell viability with an IC50 (half maximal inhibitory concentration) of 6.5 ± 2.4 μM and 4.9 ± 2.8 μM for SW13 and H295R cells, respectively. Combination index (EF24 associated with mitotane) suggested an additivity effect in both cell lines. Cell cycle analysis revealed an increase in subG0/G1 phase, while motility assay showed a decrease in migratory cell capacity, and similarly, clonogenic assay indicated that EF24 could reduce colony numbers. Furthermore, Wnt/β-catenin, NF-κB, MAPK, and PI3k/Akt pathways were modulated by Western blot analysis when treating cells with EF24 alone or combined with mitotane. In addition, intracellular reactive oxygen species levels increased in both cell lines. This work analyzed EF24 in adrenocortical tumor cell lines for the first time. These results suggest that EF24 could potentially impact on adrenocortical tumors, laying the foundation for further research in animal models.
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These authors contributed equally to this paper.
ISSN:1420-3049
1420-3049
DOI:10.3390/molecules24122202