Factors that determine the loss of control when reducing therapy by steps in the treatment of moderate-severe asthma in standard clinical practice: A multicentre Spanish study
Although the clinical practice guidelines recommend continuous adjustment of asthma treatment and reducing the maintenance drugs when achieving control (step-down), there are few studies of standard clinical practice aimed at collecting information on the factors that determine step-down failure. To...
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Published in: | Revista clínica espanõla (English edition) Vol. 220; no. 2; pp. 86 - 93 |
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Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Journal Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
Spain
Elsevier España, S.L.U
01-03-2020
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Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | Although the clinical practice guidelines recommend continuous adjustment of asthma treatment and reducing the maintenance drugs when achieving control (step-down), there are few studies of standard clinical practice aimed at collecting information on the factors that determine step-down failure.
To determine the factors that determine step-down failure in standard clinical practice of patients with moderate-severe asthma controlled by a combination of inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting beta agonists.
A multicentre retrospective study included 374 patients with moderate-severe asthma controlled with inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting beta agonists for whom the physician indicated a step-down in 2016.
The step-down failed in 41.7% of the patients. The following factors were related to failure: greater patient age (p=.006), presence of at least 2 comorbidities (p=.016), greater severity level (severe persistent vs. moderate persistent) (p<.001), greater age at diagnosis (>40 years) (p=.045), the higher the therapeutic step before (p=.003) and after the change (p<.001), the shorter the time of improvement/control prior to the change (p=.019), lower FEV1 (p=.001) and a poorer Asthma Control Test score or Asthma Control Questionnaire score before the step-down (p<.001). The logistic regression analysis showed a higher probability of step-down failure in the more elderly patients (OR, 0.983; 95% CI 0.969–0.997) and those with severe asthma compared to those with moderate asthma (OR, 0.537; 95% CI 0.292–0.985), as well as an increased probability of success if the patients had the disease controlled for more than 6 months (OR, 2.253; 95% CI 1.235–4.112).
In standard clinical practice conditions, step-down fails in a high percentage of patients, and the suggestion is to indicate step-down when the patient has had more than 6 months of disease control.
Aunque las guías de práctica clínica recomiendan un ajuste continuado del tratamiento del asma, reduciendo la medicación de mantenimiento cuando se alcanza el control (step-down), existen pocos estudios de práctica clínica habitual orientados a recabar información de los factores que condicionan su fracaso.
Determinar los factores que condicionan en la práctica clínica habitual el fracaso del step-down en los pacientes asmáticos moderados-graves controlados con una combinación de glucocorticoides inhalados/agonistas beta-2 adrenérgicos de acción larga.
Estudio multicéntrico retrospectivo sobre 374 pacientes con asma moderada-grave controlada con glucocorticoides inhalados/agonistas beta-2 adrenérgicos de acción larga en quienes el facultativo indicó en 2016 un step-down.
El step-down fracasó en el 41,7%. Los factores relacionados con el fracaso fueron: la mayor edad del paciente (p=0,006), la presencia de 2 o más comorbilidades (p=0,016), el mayor nivel de gravedad (persistente grave vs. persistente moderada) (p<0,001), la mayor edad al diagnóstico (>40 años) (p=0,045), cuanto más alto es el escalón terapéutico previo (p=0,003) y posterior al cambio (p<0,001), cuanto menor sea el tiempo de mejoría/control previo al cambio (p=0,019), el FEV1 más bajo (p=0,001) y un peor Asthma Control Test o Asthma Control Questionnaire antes del step-down (p<0,001). El análisis de regresión logística mostró que existe una mayor probabilidad (odds ratio [IC 95%] de fracaso del step-down en los pacientes más añosos: OR 0,983 [0,969-0,997], con asma grave vs. moderada: OR 0,537 [0,292-0,985] y mayor probabilidad de éxito si llevan más de 6 meses con la enfermedad controlada: OR 2,253 [1,235-4,112]).
En condiciones de práctica clínica habitual el step-down fracasa en un porcentaje alto de pacientes y se recomienda indicarlo cuando el paciente lleve más de 6 meses controlado. |
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ISSN: | 2254-8874 2254-8874 |
DOI: | 10.1016/j.rceng.2019.05.019 |