Lymphoma and Other Lymph Node Pathologies Among Adult Patients with Lymphadenopathy in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Lymphoma and Other Lymph Node Pathologies Among Adult Patients with Lymphadenopathy in Abakaliki, Nigeria

Lymphadenopathy is usually due to benign or malignant conditions. It can also be local or systemic in distribution and can involve peripheral or deep-seated lymph nodes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lymphoma and the distribution pattern of lymph node pathologies among adult patien...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nigerian journal of clinical practice Vol. 27; no. 1; pp. 68 - 73
Main Authors: Ugwu, N I, Iyare, F E, Ugwu, C N, Edegbe, F O, Ezeokoli, E O, Eni, U E, Ugwu, G C, Okparaoka, S U, Uzoigwe, J C, Omoruyi, K A, Otuu, O, Dilibe, U C
Format: Journal Article
Language:English
Published: India Medknow Publications and Media Pvt. Ltd 01-01-2024
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Adults
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Causes of
Complications and side effects
Extranodal Extension - pathology
Female
Humans
Lymph Nodes - pathology
Lymphadenopathy
Lymphadenopathy - epidemiology
Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin - pathology
Lymphomas
Male
Middle Aged
Neoplasms
Nigeria - epidemiology
Non-Hodgkin's lymphomas
Pseudolymphoma - pathology
Retrospective Studies
Statistics
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node - diagnosis
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node - epidemiology
Tuberculosis, Lymph Node - pathology
Young Adult
Nigeria
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Summary:Lymphadenopathy is usually due to benign or malignant conditions. It can also be local or systemic in distribution and can involve peripheral or deep-seated lymph nodes. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of lymphoma and the distribution pattern of lymph node pathologies among adult patients who presented with lymphadenopathy and its relationship with age and sex. A retrospective study was conducted, and a record of all cases of lymphadenopathy with histological diagnosis over 5-year period (January 2017 to December 2021) was extracted from Departments of Anatomical Pathology of Alex Ekwueme Federal University Teaching Hospital, Abakaliki. The data generated were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, version 26. One hundred and ninety results were extracted with an age range of 18 to 94 years and a mean age of 41 ± 16 years. They were made up of 75 (39.5%) males and 115 (60.5%) females, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:1.5. The prevalence of lymphoma was 50.0% (95/190). Thirty-five (18.4%) were Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), while 60 (31.6%) were non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). Other pathologies manifested by cases of lymphadenopathy include metastatic tumor deposits (38 (20%)), reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (29 (15.3%)), and tuberculous lymphadenitis (18 (9.5%)). Others include sinus histiocytosis (4 (2.1%)), dermatopathic lymphadenitis (5 (2.6%)), and Castleman's disease (1 (0.5%)). About half of all patients who presented with lymphadenopathy were lymphoma with a high prevalence of 50%, and the majority were NHL. Other major causes of lymphadenopathy were metastatic tumor deposits, reactive lymphoid hyperplasia, and tuberculous lymphadenitis. Any case of lymphadenopathy should be properly investigated early for effective management.
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content type line 23
ISSN:1119-3077
2229-7731
DOI:10.4103/njcp.njcp_450_23