Breed differences in the pharmacokinetics of ivermectin administered subcutaneously to Holstein and Belgian Blue calves

Belgian Blue (BB) cattle are very sensitive to mange caused by Psoroptes ovis and, in contrast to the case in Holstein cattle, single treatments with ivermectin do not result in complete elimination of the parasite. The objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of ivermectin...

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Published in:	Veterinary parasitology Vol. 152; no. 1; pp. 136 - 140
Main Authors:	Vercruysse, Jozef, Deprez, Piet, Everaert, Dries, Bassissi, Firas, Alvinerie, Michel
Format:	Journal Article
Language:	English
Published:	Netherlands Elsevier B.V 25-03-2008 Amsterdam; New York: Elsevier Elsevier
Subjects:	Animal biology Animals Animals, Newborn Area Under Curve Belgian Blue blood chemistry breed differences Breeding calves Cattle Cattle Diseases - blood Cattle Diseases - drug therapy chemical concentration Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid - veterinary drug evaluation Female Hair - chemistry Hair - metabolism hairs Holstein Injections, Subcutaneous - veterinary Insecticides - administration & dosage Insecticides - blood Insecticides - pharmacokinetics Ivermectin Ivermectin - administration & dosage Ivermectin - blood Ivermectin - pharmacokinetics Life Sciences Mite Infestations - drug therapy Mite Infestations - veterinary Pharmacokinetics Psoroptes ovis Psoroptidae - drug effects skin Skin - chemistry Skin - metabolism subcutaneous injection Time Factors tissue analysis Veterinary medicine and animal Health Belgian Blue Holstein Pharmacokinetics Cattle Ivermectin BELGIAN BLUE PHARMACOKINETICS HOLSTEIN IVERMECTIN CATTLE
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Summary:	Belgian Blue (BB) cattle are very sensitive to mange caused by Psoroptes ovis and, in contrast to the case in Holstein cattle, single treatments with ivermectin do not result in complete elimination of the parasite. The objective of the present study was to determine the concentration of ivermectin in plasma, skin and hair following subcutaneous administration to Holstein and BB calves and to assess the influence of breed on drug pharmacokinetics and availability. Two groups of six healthy female Holstein and BB calves were treated with ivermectin (SC formulation) at a dose of 0.2 mg/kg. Blood, skin and hair were collected before treatment and up to 21 days after treatment. Ivermectin was analyzed in plasma and tissue by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The peak concentrations ( C max), time-peak concentrations ( T max), the area under the plasma concentration–time curves (AUC) and the mean residence time (MRT) were determined. The patterns of plasma and tissue ivermectin concentrations were similar in the two breeds of animals, however, the AUC and C max levels for plasma and skin were significantly higher in the BB calves. In hair, ivermectin was detected later than in plasma and skin, with the T max ranging between 4 days (Holstein group) and 6 days (BB group). The possible reasons for the significantly higher levels in plasma and skin in BB calves compared to Holstein calves are discussed.
Bibliography:	http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.11.021 ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23
ISSN:	0304-4017 1873-2550
DOI:	10.1016/j.vetpar.2007.11.021